浙南山区农作物秸秆综合利用的现状、问题与对策

Present Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of Comprehensive Utilization of Crop Straw in Mountainous Area of South Zhejiang Province

摘要: 实施“乡村振兴”战略，产业兴旺是关键，随着特色农业和精品农业产业的兴起，农作物收获后秸秆数量不断增加，且利用价值低，大量农作物秸秆遗弃在田头地角，成为新生的垃圾，污染农业农村生态环境。然而，人们对美好生活向往的期望值越来越高，特别是对农业农村生态环境的要求更加完美。提升农村人居环境和农田生态环境质量势在必行，为实现“农业强、农村美、农民富”出谋划策。通过2年定点、定人、定对象进行专项调查和面上普遍调查相结合，对全县农作物不同作物的秸秆构成、每年产生的数量、不同区域的分布密度以及污染环境的原因、利用现状、存在问题等进行全面调查。明确了秸秆构成、产生数量、分布密度等，总结农作物秸秆利用的现状，剖析存在问题，结合当地实际，提出作物秸秆综合利用的对策建议。

Abstract: To implement the strategy of “rural revitalization”, industrial prosperity is the key. With the rise of characteristic agriculture and high-quality agricultural industry, the number of straws after harvest is increasing, and the utilization value is low. A large number of crop straws are abandoned in the fields and corners, which become new garbage and pollute the ecological environment of agriculture and rural areas. However, people’s expectations for a better life are getting higher and higher, especially for the agricultural and rural ecological environment. It is imperative to improve the quality of rural living environment and farmland ecological environment, and make suggestions for the realization of “strong agriculture, beautiful countryside and rich farmers”. Through two years’ special investigation on fixed point, fixed person and fixed object, combined with general investigation on the surface, the straw composition, annual quantity, distribution density in different regions, causes of environmental pollution, utilization status and existing problems of different crops in the whole county were comprehensively investigated. The composition, quantity and distribution density of straw were defined, the present situation of crop straw utilization was summarized, the existing problems were analyzed, and the countermeasures and suggestions for comprehensive utilization of crop straw were put forward according to local conditions.