熊去氧胆酸治疗胆囊结石及慢性胆囊炎的研究进展

Research Progress of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in the Treatment of Gallstones and Chronic Cholecystitis

摘要: 胆囊胆固醇结石(CG)是我国胆道系统的常见病和多发病，且发病率呈逐年上升趋势，结石长期刺激患者的胆囊黏膜，导致患者胆囊出现慢性炎症反应，目前治疗胆囊结石，尤其是多发体积较大的结石，最好的办法是腹腔镜胆囊切除术，但手术对患者造成的伤害及打击是较大的，且住院时间长，花费高。胆固醇结石的主要非侵入性治疗方法是口服胆汁酸溶石，熊去氧胆酸(ursodeoxycholic acid, UDCA)是一种无毒亲水性胆汁酸，主要用于治疗胆石症及慢性肝内胆汁淤积性疾病，UDCA已被证明能显著降低胆石症患者的胆汁胆固醇饱和度，并被用作胆囊切除术的替代品。本文结合近几年相关文献对其治疗效果进行综述，为胆囊结石及慢性胆囊炎的非手术治疗提供新思路。

Abstract: Cholesterol gallstone (CG) is a common and frequently occurring disease of the biliary system in China, and its incidence is increasing year by year. The gallstone stimulates the gallbladder mucosa of patients for a long time, leading to chronic inflammation of the gallbladder. At present, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the best way to treat the gallstone, especially the stone with large multiple volume, but the injury caused by the operation to the patients and the attack is large, and the length of stay is long, and the cost is high. The main non-invasive treatment of cholelithiasis is the dissolution of cholelithiasis by oral bile acid. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a non-toxic hydrophilic bile acid, which is mainly used to treat cholelithiasis and chronic intrahepatic cholestasis. UDCA has been proved to significantly reduce the cholesteric saturation of cholelithiasis patients and used as a substitute for cholecystectomy. In this paper, we summarize the therapeutic effect of the treatment combined with the relevant literature in recent years, and provide new ideas for the non-surgical treatment of gallstone and chronic cholecystitis.