船用低硫燃油的实验研究

Implement Research of Marine Low Sulphur Fuel Oil

摘要: 针对限硫法规及船用低硫燃料油，分析了船用低硫油没有国际竞争力、燃油质量监管机制缺失、造成主机燃烧系统损坏及推高了船舶营运成本，比较了船舶安装脱硫塔与选择低硫油的利弊，直炼低硫油比调和低硫油有显著优点，进行了高低硫燃油的低速机ME台架对比试验，结果表明，ME不同运行工况下废气排放的成分有差异，中负荷以下低硫油比高硫油排放的NO_x、CO₂和CO较高，中负荷以上低硫油比高硫油排放的NO_x、CO₂和CO较低，因此，低硫燃油从根源上减少了SO_x排放，选择低硫燃油是船舶应对限硫最有效的措施。

Abstract: According to the sulfur limit regulations and marine low sulfur fuel oil (LSFO), this paper analyzes that LSFO has no international competitiveness due to lack of fuel quality supervision, causes the main engine (ME) combustion system damage and increases operation cost of ship. The comparison between installation of desulfurization tower and selection of LSFO is analyzed, direct refining LSFO has advantages over blending LSFO, a comparative test of high sulfur fuel oil (HSFO) and LSFO was carried out on a low speed ME. The results show that there are significant differences in exhaust emission composition of ME under variable operating conditions, the emissions of NO_x, CO₂ and CO from LSFO below medium load are higher than those from HSFO, while the emissions of NO_x, CO₂ and CO from LSFO above medium load are lower than those from HSFO. Therefore, LSFO reduces SO_x emissions, using LSFO is the most effective method for ships to meet the sulfur emission limitation.