T字型地铁换乘站的人员疏散模拟研究

Simulation Study on Evacuation of T-Shaped Metro Interchange Station

摘要: 为探究T字换乘地铁站内人员的紧急疏散问题，本文以上海市某T字换乘地铁站及其内待疏散人员为研究对象，基于Agent模型理论，采用Pathfinder软件建立1:1的全尺寸仿真模型，研究疏散人员的行为特征、行动轨迹、楼梯及出口的使用时间，并对疏散场景进行数据分析，研究发现：紧急疏散时疏散人员具有恐慌情绪蔓延、危险响应时间滞后、出口选择判断失误的行为特征；该T字型地体换乘站易发生拥堵位置除了各个出口及楼梯附近，还有楼梯至出口的拐角处；出口3、出口6的使用时间长、疏散人数多、疏散压力大，是疏散方案中的重要位置；该车站的拥堵高峰发生在11~86 s之间，147.5 s后完成疏散。

Abstract: In order to explore the emergency evacuation of people in T-transfer subway stations, this paper takes a T-transfer subway station in Shanghai and the people waiting to be evacuated as the re-search object. Based on the Agent model theory, the Pathfinder software is used to establish a 1:1 full size. The simulation model studies the behavior characteristics of evacuees, the use time of stairs and exits, and conducts data analysis on the evacuation scene. The research found that the evacuees have the behavioral characteristics of panic spreading, dangerous response time lag, and misjudgement of exit selection during emergency evacuation. The T-shaped ground transfer station is prone to congestion, in addition to the exits and stairs; there are also the corners of the stairs to the exit. Exit 3 and Exit 6 are used for a long time, there are many evacuated people, and the evacuation pressure is high, which is an evacuation, an important location in the plan; the peak congestion of the station occurred between 11 s and 86 s, and the evacuation was completed after 147.5 s.