联氨还原法制备镍包覆碳纳米管复合材料

Preparation of Nickel-Coated Carbon Nano-Tube Composite Material by Hydrazine Reduction Method

摘要: 碳纳米管的机械与电气性能卓越，常被用作理想的复合材料添加剂，适用于改善材料的性能(如电导率、强度和热稳定性等)。但原始碳纳米管倾向于聚集成束，严重影响了加工性能，因此往往需要对其进行表面修饰改性。本文首先使用稀硝酸溶液对碳纳米管进行氧化处理，然后通过化学镀的方式将金属镍负载到碳纳米管表面，制备了Ni-MWCNTs一维复合纳米线材料，并对其形貌、成分和键合结构进行定性分析。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)共同证明通过联氨还原法成功制备了Ni-MWCNTs复合材料，所获镍镀层纯度高且均匀连续，材料表面官能团和金属镀层的存在为后续复合材料中优异的界面结合提供了潜在优势。

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes have excellent mechanical and electrical properties and are often widely used as ideal composite additives to increase material properties such as electrical conductivity, strength and thermal stability. But the prime carbon nanotubes tend to aggregate into bundles, which seriously affect the processing performance, therefore, the surface modification and modification are often required. In this paper, CNTs were firstly treated with dilute nitric acid solution to oxidize them, and then the treated CNTs were encapsulated with nickel by electroless chemical deposition, in addition, qualitative analysis on the morphology, the composition, the bond structure of Ni-MWCNTs materials was carried out. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) all proved that Ni-MWCNTs composite materials were successfully prepared by the hydrazine reduction method. The nickel coating obtained has high purity and continuous uniform distribution, and the presence of functional groups on the surface of the material and the metal plating layer provides potential advantages for the excellent interface bonding in the subsequent composite materials.