医用口罩原材料聚丙烯的生物降解研究进展

Research Progress on the Biodegradation of Polypropylene, the Material for Medical Masks

摘要: 新型冠状病毒的爆发使全球范围内医用口罩使用量剧增，由此引发对该医疗垃圾处理问题的思考。医用口罩由无纺布、耳带、鼻梁条构成，其主要组分均由聚丙烯加工而成。聚丙烯作为一种高疏水的聚合物，极耐降解。传统聚丙烯回收再利用方法耗能大，转换率低，且难以从根本上消耗广泛使用的聚丙烯。大量聚丙烯塑料未经处理便通过垃圾填埋、倾倒入海等方式进入土壤、海洋生态系统，形成微塑料污染环境。为更好地解决聚丙烯降解问题，本文梳理了聚丙烯生物降解探索过程及最新进展，分析了目前聚丙烯生物降解菌种、处理条件、反应过程的研究成果，为进一步提高聚丙烯降解率，改善环境污染等研究和应用工作提供参考。

Abstract: The outbreak of the new coronavirus has caused a sharp increase in the use of medical masks worldwide, which has triggered thinking about the problem of medical waste disposal. Medical masks are composed of non-woven fabrics, ear straps, and nose bridge strips. The main components are all made of polypropylene. As a highly hydrophobic polymer, polypropylene is extremely resistant to degradation. The traditional polypropylene recycling method consumes a lot of energy, has a low conversion rate, and it is difficult to fundamentally consume the widely used polypropylene. A large amount of polypropylene plastic enters the soil and marine ecosystem through landfills and dumped into the sea without treatment, forming microplastics to pollute the environment. In order to better solve the problem of polypropylene degradation, this article combs the exploration process and the latest progress of polypropylene biodegradation, analyzes the current research results of polypropylene biodegradation bacteria, treatment conditions, and reaction processes. In order to further improve the degradation rate of polypropylene, Improve environmental pollution, and other research and application work to provide the reference.