反硝化聚磷菌的筛选及对河道水体氮磷去除作用的研究

Isolation and Identification of Denitrifying Phosphate-Accumulating Bacteria and Study on Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in River Water

摘要: 通过烛缸法培养、富集、分离，获得4株具有较高脱氮除磷效率的反硝化聚磷菌N-1、N-2、N-3和N-4。4株菌剂和混合菌的脱氮率均大于60%，除磷率均大于70%。采用16S rDNA结合生理生化特性的方法确定了4株分别为善变副球菌属Paracoccus versutus和Paracoccus sp.，假单胞菌属Pseudomonas sp.，枯草杆菌Bacillus sp.。混合菌与吸附填料粉煤灰、微生物营养剂等物质混合组成微生物复合制剂，投加0.8 g/m3最佳投加量到模拟河道水体中，氨氮、硝氮、总氮、总磷以及COD降解率分别为84.6%、83.4%、81.4%、87%和42.2%。水质明显得到改善，达到GB 3838-2002中V类地表水水质指标。

Abstract: Enriched and isolated by Candle Jar Culture method and screened based on phosphate reval test, nitrate reduction test together with metachromatic granules and PHB granules test, three DNPAOs strains with high efficiency of nitrogen and phosphate removal rates were obtained, which were strain N-1, N-2, N-3 and N-4. When every strain was cultured for 48 h in nitrogen-rich and phos-phate-rich liquid media, the nitrogen removal rates were more than 60% and the phosphate re-moval rates were more than 70%. Based on morphological, physiological and biochemical charac-teristics combined with phylogenic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, 4 strains were identified as Paracoccus versutus, Paracoccus sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. Mixed bacteria and adsorbed filler such as, fly ash, microbial nutrients and other substances were mixed to form microbial compound preparation. The optimal dosage of 0.8 g/m3 of microbial compound preparation was added to the simulated river water body. The degradation rates of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD were 84.6%, 83.4%, 81.4%, 87% and 42.2%, respectively. Water quality improved obviously. The water quality stably met V class of surface water quality index (GB 3838-2002).