复合型碳源在污水处理厂脱氮提质增效方面的优化研究

Study on Optimization and Efficiency Improvement of Compound Carbon Source in Wastewater Treatment Plant Denitrification

摘要: 针对我国城镇污水处理进水浓度低、需要外部投加大量碳源进行脱氮处理的问题，本文对碳源的反硝化速率、类型选择、投加方案优化、生物促进功能等方面进行了简要的研究分析和整理。研究结果表明：常用的乙酸钠、甲醇、葡萄糖这三种通用类碳源，其硝氮反应去除速率分别为60 min、90 min、120 min即可实现90%以上的去除率。碳源投加量C/N对反硝化去除总氮速率影响不大，与硝氮去除量有直接的对应关系。当投加/消耗碳氮比C/N在4~5之间时，碳源去除硝氮的效率和经济核算较为理想。通过不同反应速率和不同类型的碳源组分进行复合，添加具备生物促进功能组分等方式，有利于碳源与工艺停留时间进行匹配，提高菌种生物多样性和微生物活性，能够更高效地提高反硝化速率和效果，提高全流程总氮处理负荷和去除效率。

Abstract: In view of the low influent concentration of urban sewage treatment in China and the need to add a large number of external carbon sources for nitrogen removal, this paper studies and analyzes the denitrification rate, type selection, dosing scheme optimization and biological promotion function of carbon sources. The research results show that the commonly used sodium acetate, methanol, and glucose are three general-purpose carbon sources, and the removal rate of nitrate-nitrogen reaction is 60 min, 90 min, and 120 min, respectively, to achieve a removal rate of more than 90%. The dosage of carbon source C/N has little effect on the rate of total nitrogen removal by denitrification, but has a direct relationship with the removal of nitrate-nitrogen. When the dosing/consumption carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N is between 4 and 5, the efficiency of carbon source to remove nitrate-nitrogen and economic accounting are more ideal. By compounding different reaction rates and different types of carbon source components, adding components with biological promotion functions, etc., it is conducive to matching the carbon source and the process residence time, improving the biodiversity and microbial activity of the bacteria, and can improve the denitrification rate and effect, and increase the total nitrogen treatment load and removal efficiency of the whole process.