直接接触式冰浆制备系统的热力分析与优化

Thermal Analysis and Optimization of Direct Contact Ice Slurry Preparation Sys-tem

摘要: 为了提高直接接触式制冰系统的冷量㶲效率和制冷系数，把该系统简化为理想模型并做出热力学分析和计算，从中得到主要影响因素为：环境温度、冷凝温度、蒸发温度。以RC318为制冷剂设计L₉(3⁴)正交试验探究系统冷量㶲效率和制冷系数综合的最优值，结果表明：各因素对目标值的影响顺序为冷凝温度、环境温度、蒸发温度；当环境温度为38℃，冷凝温度为20℃，蒸发温度为−7℃时系统最优，系统冷量㶲效率为44.39%，制冷系数为3.10；各因素对综合评分的趋势表明：满足循环系统工作的前提下，冷凝温度、蒸发温度越小同时环境温度越大的情况下系统冷量㶲效率和制冷系数越高，冷凝温度和环境温度对目标值影响波动幅度大，蒸发温度对目标值的影响波动幅度小；方差分析表明：各因素对目标值影响的顺序与正交试验极差法结果一致，并分析得到冷凝温度对目标值的影响比较显著，环境温度影响较显著，受RC318制冷剂性质的影响，蒸发温度影响不显著。

Abstract: In order to improve the cooling capacity exergy efficiency and refrigeration coefficient of the direct contact ice making system, the system is simplified into an ideal model and thermodynamic analy-sis and calculations are made. The main influencing factors are: ambient temperature, condensa-tion temperature, and evaporation temperature. Using RC318 as the refrigerant to design L₉(3⁴) orthogonal test to explore the optimal value of the system’s cooling capacity exergy efficiency and refrigeration coefficient, the results show that the order of influence of each factor on the target value is condensing temperature, ambient temperature, and evaporating temperature; When the ambient temperature is 38℃, the condensing temperature is 20℃, and the evaporation tempera-ture is −7℃, the system is optimal, the cooling capacity exergy efficiency of the system is 44.39%, and the refrigeration coefficient is 3.10; the trend of various factors on the comprehensive score shows that the cycle is satisfied Under the premise of system operation, the lower the condensing temperature and evaporating temperature and the higher the ambient temperature, the higher the cooling capacity and refrigeration coefficient of the system will be. The condensing temperature and ambient temperature have a large impact on the target value and the evaporating temperature will affect the target value. The impact of the impact on the target value is small; the analysis of variance shows that the influence order of each factor on the target value is consistent with the result of range method of orthogonal test, and the influence of condensation temperature on the target value is significant. The influence of environmental temperature is significant, and the influence of evap-oration temperature is not significant due to the properties of RC318 refrigerant.