赣州烟叶彰显浓香特色主要化学成分评价指标研究

Study on Evaluation Index of Main Chemical Components of Ganzhou Tobacco Leaf with Luzhou-Flavor Features

摘要: 目的：研究赣州烟叶彰显浓香特色主要化学成分评价指标，为指导烟叶栽培及采收烘烤提供理论基础。方法：利用2018年赣州8个产烟县79个烟叶样品的主要化学成分分析结果及对应于焦甜醇甜香得分评析结果数据，二者之间用EXCEL电子表格建立相关系数分析，为确定各指标的评价函数及隶属度值、拐点值、权重及品种间的调整系数，为准确率达到最大化，采取人工反复调整相关函数或数据，达到相关系数最大化，并进行了符合度验证。结果：赣州烟叶彰显浓香特色主要化学成分评价指标及权重为：总糖(0.508)、氮碱比(0.203)、二糖比(0.151)、总氮(0.083)、钾(0.054)。按浓香特色分类评价平均符合度达到82.1%。提出要彰显浓香特色，关键在于降低总糖含量及氮碱比、增加总氮含量。通过综合评价赣州各产烟县烟叶B2F总体评价浓香特色突出到较突出，C3F浓香特色较明显到较弱，其中K326品种B2F明显比云烟87品种高，其浓香特色高出“云烟87”21%。结论：赣州烟叶彰显浓香特色主要化学成分评价指标可用总氮、总糖、氮碱比、二糖比及钾含量等5个指标来综合评价烟叶的浓香特色强弱，其符合度平均达82.1%，要彰显浓香特色赣州烟叶主要要保证总糖最优值在22%~23.5%左右，适当降低氮碱比，增加烟叶含氮量，栽种K326品种可提高上部烟叶浓香特色。

Abstract: Objective: The main chemical composition evaluation indexes of Ganzhou tobacco with strong aro-ma characteristics were studied to provide theoretical basis for guiding tobacco cultivation, harvesting and baking. Method: Based on the analysis results of main chemical components of 79 tobacco samples from 8 tobacco producing counties in Ganzhou in 2018 and the data corresponding to the score of pyromellow and sweet aroma, correlation coefficient analysis was established between the two by Excel spreadsheet. In order to determine the evaluation function and membership value, inflection point value, weight and adjustment coefficient among varieties, manual repeated adjustment was adopted to maximize the accuracy. The whole correlation function or data is used to maximize the correlation coefficient, and the compliance is verified. Results: The results showed that the main evaluation indexes of Ganzhou tobacco leaf were as follows: Total sugar (0.508), ni-trogen to alkali ratio (0.203), disaccharide ratio (0.151), total nitrogen (0.083), and potassium (0.054). According to the classification of Luzhou flavor, the average conformity degree was 82.1%. The key to highlight the characteristics of Luzhou flavor is to reduce the content of total sugar and the ratio of nitrogen to alkali, and increase the content of total nitrogen. According to the comprehensive evaluation of tobacco B2F in Ganzhou, the overall evaluation showed that the Luzhou flavor characteristics were prominent to more prominent; the Luzhou flavor characteristics of C3F were obvious to weak, among which, B2F of K326 was significantly higher than that of Yunyan 87 by 21%. Conclusion: The evaluation indexes of main chemical components of Ganzhou tobacco showing strong aroma characteristics can be used to evaluate the strong aroma characteristics of tobacco leaves comprehensively by five indicators such as total nitrogen, total sugar, nitrogen-base ratio, disaccharide ratio and potassium content, with an average conformity of 82.1%. To show strong aroma characteristics of Ganzhou tobacco leaves, the optimal value of total sugar should be guaranteed to be around 22%~23.5%, the nitrogen-base ratio should be reduced appropriately, the nitrogen content of tobacco leaves should be increased, and K326 products should be planted. Seeding can improve the strong aroma characteristics of upper tobacco leaves.