身体活动水平与腰背肌疲劳对男性大学生自然步态参数和ASI的影响

Effect of Physical Activity Level and Lumbar Muscle Fatigue on Natural Gait Parameters and ASI in Male College Students

摘要: 目的：了解活动水平和疲劳对成年男性正常步行时下肢的步态参数和各关节的对称性指数的影响。方法：通过BPAQ问卷选取32名健康青年男性大学生，16名为积极活动组，另16名为不积极活动组，利用红外线光点运动捕捉系统测量受试者在运动跑台上疲劳前后的步态运动数据，并计算出两侧下肢步行时髋、膝、踝关节的ASI对称性指数。运动重复测量双因素方差分析法检验不同活动水平和疲劳前后对步行时下肢的步态参数和关节对称性程度的影响。结果：不论是受试者的活动水平，还是疲劳状态的改变，对受试者步态时的步长(活动水平P = 0.126，疲劳P = 0.825)、步宽(活动水平P = 0.177，疲劳P = 0.992)、步频(活动水平P = 0.111，疲劳P = 0.365)、步速(活动水平P = 0.992，疲劳P = 0.177)均无显著性影响。活动水平和疲劳对步行时下肢两侧髋、膝、踝关节的ASI对称性指数指标均无交互作用(P > 0.05)。但是，不积极活动受试者的抗疲劳能力比积极活动受试者的要差，容易产生疲劳感。结论：不积极活动组与积极活动组的步长、步频、步宽、步速和下肢两侧各关节运动范围ASI均没有明显变化，说明受试者活动水平的与否都与自然步态特征相近，行走时的两侧各关节的对称程度无明显差异。即不论是受试者的活动水平，还是疲劳状态的改变，都不会影响受试者的步态参数和运动范围ASI，不存在交互作用。不积极活动受试者的抗疲劳能力比积极活动受试者的要差，容易产生疲劳感，且疲劳感觉的程度要更大。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of activity level and fatigue on lower limb gait parameters and the symmetry index of each joint during normal walking in adult male. Methods: Selected 32 healthy young male college students through the BPAQ questionnaire, 16 called active groups, the other 16, not active groups, using infrared light spot motion capture system to measure the subjects on the campaign run before and after the fatigue of gait motion data, and calculate the on both sides of the lower limb walking hip, knee, ankle, ASI symmetry index. Exercise repetition measurement two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the effects of different activity levels and fatigue on lower limb gait parameters and joint symmetry during walking. Results: No matter the activity level of the subjects or the fatigue state change, the step length (activity level P = 0.126, fatigue P = 0.825), stride width (activity level P = 0.177, fatigue P = 0.992), stride frequency (activity level P = 0.111, fatigue P = 0.365), stride speed (activity level P = 0.992, fatigue P = 0.177) had no significant effect. There was no interaction between activity level and fatigue on ASI symmetry index of both hips, knees and ankles during walking (P > 0.05). However, the inactive subjects were less able to resist fatigue than the active subjects and were more likely to feel tired. Conclusion: The step length, stride frequency, stride width, stride speed and the motion range ASI of each joint on both sides of the lower extremity were not significantly changed between the inactive group and the active group, indicating that the activity level of the subjects was similar to the characteristics of natural gait, and there was no significant difference in the symmetry degree of each joint on both sides during walking. In other words, no matter the activity level or fatigue state of the subjects, the gait parameters and motion range ASI of the subjects will not be affected, and there is no interaction. The inactive subjects had worse anti-fatigue ability than the active subjects. They tended to feel tired, and the degree of fatigue feeling was greater.