土壤调理剂对酸性黄泥田改良及镉污染治理效果的研究

Effect of Soil Conditioner on Improvement of Acidic Yellow Soil Field and Treatment of Cd Pollution

摘要: 通过连续3年的田间定点定位随机区组对比试验，研究评价了土壤调理剂对湘东酸性黄泥田土壤改良及镉污染治理效果。结果表明，基肥增施调理剂，对酸性黄泥田改良效果稳定，土壤有效镉、交换性铝和有效锰含量降低，土壤pH值、盐基饱和度提高，有机质和碱解氮含量增加，土壤养分供给能力进一步优化，促进水稻丰产稳产；并显著降低稻米镉含量(p < 0.05)，其中基肥增施土壤调理剂150 kg/667m²处理平均降镉幅度为30.00%，增施200 kg/667m²处理平均降镉幅度为35.10%，二者降镉差异不显著。田间实际生产中，建议施用土壤调理剂与叶面喷施阻镉剂等降镉措施配合使用，采用“VIP + N”方式进行综合修复治理，确保稻米中镉等重金属指标合格。

Abstract: Objective: The effects of soil conditioner on soil improvement and cadmium pollution control in acid yellow mud field in eastern Hunan were studied and evaluated by field fixed-point and random block comparative experiment for three consecutive years. Result: The results showed that adding conditioner to the base fertilizer had a stable effect on the improvement of acid yellow soil field, and the contents of available cadmium, exchangeable aluminum and available manganese in soil decreased, the pH value and base saturation of soil increased, the contents of organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increased, and the supply capacity of soil nutrients was further optimized, which promoted the high and stable yield of rice. And the Cd content of rice was signif-icantly reduced (p < 0.05), in which the average reduction of Cd was 30.00% when the base fertilizer was added with soil conditioner 150 kg/667m² and 35.10% when it was added with soil conditioner 200 kg/667m², with no significant difference between them. Conclusion: In actual field production, it is suggested that soil conditioner should be used in combination with cadmium reduction measures such as spraying cadmium inhibitor on leaf surface, and comprehensive remediation should be carried out by “VIP + N” mode to ensure that the indexes of heavy metals such as cadmium in rice are qualified.