人教版和康轩版初中数学教材“图形与几何”比较研究

A Comparative Study of “Graphs and Geometry” in Junior Middle School Mathematics Textbooks of the People Education Edition and the Kang Xuan Edition

摘要: 采用内容分析法和定量研究方法，对中国大陆人教版和中国台湾康轩版初中数学教材“图形与几何”部分，比较分析它们的编排结构特点和教材难度。研究发现编排体例上人教版的特点是在小结中使用了知识结构图、帮助学生构建知识体系，而康轩版是配备了实物教具、重视学生的操作能力；拓展栏目上人教版内容比康轩版丰富；两版教材在插图上都以表征型插图为主；康轩版内容广度、内容深度较大，人教版习题难度较大；整体上康轩版教材难度大于人教版教材难度。最后给人教版教材编写提出几点建议：教材内容设置上增加直观几何，提供丰富的背景；内容编排上用习题回顾旧知，每一节尽量设计小结；教材提供大量的实物教具，增强教材的阅读性。

Abstract: The content analysis and quantitative research methods were used to compare the “Graphs and Geometry” section of the junior middle school mathematics textbooks of the People Education Edition in mainland China and the Kang Xuan Edition in Taiwan, China, and the structural charac-teristics and difficulty of the textbooks were analyzed. The study found that the layout of the People Education Edition is characterized by the use of knowledge structure diagrams in the summaries to help students construct a knowledge system, while the Kang Xuan Edition is equipped with physical teaching aids and emphasizes students’ manipulative skills. The content of the extension section is richer in the People Education Edition than in the Kang Xuan Edition. The illustrations in both editions are mainly representational illustrations. The breadth and depth of content in the Kang Xuan Edition are greater, and the exercises in the People Education Edition are more difficult. The overall difficulty of the Kang Xuan Edition is greater than that of the People Education Edition. Several suggestions can be made for the development of the People Education Edition. Intuitive geometry should be added to the content of the textbook and rich background should be provided. The content should be organized with exercises to review the previously learned knowledge, and each section is designed with a summary as much as possible. Finally, the textbook provides a large number of physical teaching aids to enhance readability.