microRNA-221-3p在肝纤维化治疗中的研究进展

Research Progress of microRNA-221-3p in the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis

摘要: 肝脏会对外界刺激做出反应尝试修复或取代受损细胞，从而在肝内形成的异常大量的瘢痕组织，被称为肝纤维化，是肝硬化的前期病变。小分子RNA (microRNA)是一类内源基因非编码单链小RNA分子，可通过转录后抑制调节细胞的增殖、分化、凋亡及免疫应答等重要生命过程。最新的研究发现，在慢性肝损伤过程中，阻断肝细胞中的microRNA-221-3p功能，能够加快沉积的细胞外基质的溶解，在一定程度上缓解肝纤维化的进展。该文通过整理国内外相关文献对miRNA-221-3p在肝纤维化治疗研究进展作一综述，为临床上更好的治疗肝纤维化提供充分的理论基础和思路。

Abstract: When liver cells are damaged by stimulation, the liver will respond to stress to try to repair or replace the damaged cells. As a result, an abnormally large amount of scar tissues are formed in the liver. This is called liver fibrosis, which is a major cause of liver insufficiency. Small RNA (microRNA) is a type of endogenous gene non-coding single-stranded small RNA molecule that can regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, immune response and other important life processes through post-transcriptional inhibition. The latest research found that in the process of chronic liver injury, blocking the function of microRNA-221-3p in liver cells is beneficial to the recovery of the liver, accelerating the dissolution of deposited extracellular matrix, and alleviating the progress of liver fibrosis to a certain extent, has important clinical significance. This article summarizes the research progress of miRNA-221-3p in the treatment of liver fibrosis by collating relevant domestic and foreign literature, and provides a sufficient theoretical basis and ideas for better clinical management of liver fibrosis.