上海典型地貌重金属含量特征与潜在生态风险

The Heavy Metal Content in Shanghai’s Typical Landforms and Its Potential Ecological Risks

摘要: 针对上海湖沼平原、滨海平原，以及河口、砂嘴、砂岛和潮坪地带四种典型地貌进行土壤采样和检测分析，并对重金属的潜在生态风险进行评估。结果表明：调查范围内土壤样品重金属的含量由高到低依次为：Ni > Cu > Pb > As > Cd > Hg。所有土壤样品中重金属含量平均值与背景值较为接近。滨海平原、湖沼平原、潮坪地带、河口，砂嘴，砂岛的重金属含量依次递减。表层土壤样品中的重金属含量总体高于较深土壤中的含量。所有土壤样品的各种重金属污染程度均不超过偏轻度污染。所有土壤样品的各种重金属均属于低生态风险。

Abstract: Soil sampling and testing have been carried out on the lacustrine plains, coastal plains and four other typical landforms of Shanghai including estuaries, sand spits, sand islands and tidal flats, to evaluate the potential ecological risks of their heavy metal content. The results showed that the concentration of heavy metals analyzed in the soil samples was in a descending order of Ni > Cu > Pb > As > Cd > Hg. The average value of heavy metal content in all the soil samples was close to the background value. The concentration of heavy metals in the landforms was in a decreasing order of coastal plains, lacustrine plains, tidal flats, estuaries, sand spits and sand islands. The heavy metal content in surface soil samples was generally higher than in deeper soil samples. In terms of contamination level of heavy metals, the results revealed relatively low contamination in all the soil samples. All the heavy metals analyzed in the soil samples were of low ecological risk.