虾肽有机肥对沙田柚低产园增产提质的影响

Effects of Shrimp Peptide Organic Fertilizer on Low-Yield Shatiang Pomelo Orchard

摘要: 以腐熟花生麸肥为对照，比较虾肽有机肥对低产劣质沙田柚园土壤与叶片养分、产量及果实品质的影响，为低产劣质沙田柚园增产提质提供施肥参考。结果表明，株施5 kg、株施10 kg虾肽肥处理的产量极显著高于株施花生麸片7.0 kg；施用虾肽有机肥可提高果实重量；株施7.5 kg、10 kg均可明显提高果实可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量；株施10 kg可提高VC含量，降低酸含量；虾肽有机肥的连续施用对提高土壤水解性氮和有效磷含量的影响不明显，但可明显提高土壤速效钾和有效铁含量；连续施用虾肽有机肥和花生麸都有助于提高土壤有效锌、有效硼、交换性镁、交换性钙和有机质含量。连续施虾肽有机肥的整体效果较显著且比花生麸好，其中株施10 kg虾肽肥处理对改善果实品质的效果最好。沙田柚低产园以1月份在树冠两侧滴水线附近各挖1条深20~25 cm环状沟，施虾肽有机肥10.0 kg/株，6月上旬再按同样方法和用量施1次对提高沙田柚果实品质的效果最好。

Abstract: The effects of shrimp peptide organic fertilizer on soil and leaf nutrients, yield and fruit quality of low-yield and inferior Shatian pomelo orchard were compared with decomposed peanut bran fertilizer as control, in order to provide fertilization reference for increasing yield and improving quality of low-yield and inferior Shatian pomelo orchard. The results showed that the yield of 5 kg/plant and 10 kg/plant shrimp peptide fertilizer was significantly higher than that of 7.0 kg/plant peanut bran. Application of shrimp peptide organic fertilizer can increase fruit weight; the soluble solids content and total sugar content of fruit were significantly increased by applying 7.5 kg and 10 kg per plant; Applying 10 kg/plant could increase VC content and decrease acid content; the continuous application of shrimp peptide organic fertilizer had no obvious effect on increasing the contents of soil hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus, but could obviously increase the contents of soil available potassium and available iron; continuous application of shrimp peptide organic fertilizer and peanut bran could increase the contents of available zinc, available boron, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable calcium and organic matter in soil. The overall effect of continuous application of shrimp peptide organic fertilizer was significant and better than that of peanut bran, and the application of 10 kg shrimp peptide fertilizer per plant had the best effect on improving fruit quality. In the low-yield Shatian pomelo orchard, the best way to improve the fruit quality of Shatian pomelo was to dig a ring ditch with a depth of 20~25 cm near the drip line on both sides of the tree crown in January, apply 10.0 kg/plant of shrimp peptide organic fertilizer, and then apply it again in the first ten days of June according to the same method and dosage.