“空巢”对农村老年人健康的影响研究

Study on the Impact of “Empty Nest” on the Health of Rural Elderly

摘要: 基于2014年中国老年人健康影响因素跟踪调查数据，运用有序Logistic回归模型，系统分析了空巢对农村老年人身体健康、心理健康以及自评健康的影响。结果显示，空巢对老年人不同维度的健康影响不同。相对于空巢老人，与子女共同居住的老年人ADL完好水平较低，其身体健康水平低于空巢老年人，但其心理健康水平要显著优于空巢老人。空巢老人作为一个特殊的老年群体，由于子女不在身边，其可获得的生活照料、经济支持、情感慰藉等各方面的支持资源比较匮乏，从而更容易产生孤独感、失落感、焦虑和抑郁等负面情绪。而空巢与否对老年人自评健康的影响不显著。

Abstract: Based on the 2014 Chinese elderly health influencing factors follow-up survey data, using an ordered Logistic regression model, systematically analyzed the impact of empty nest on rural elderly physical health, mental health and self-rated health. The results show that the empty nest has different effects on the health of the elderly in different dimensions. Compared with the empty nest elderly, the elderly living with their children have a lower ADL intact level and their physical health level is lower than that of the empty nest elderly, but their mental health level is significant-ly better than that of the empty nest elderly. As a special elderly group, the empty nest elderly are less able to obtain support resources in life care, economic support and emotional comfort because their children are not around, so they are more likely to have negative emotions such as loneliness, loss, anxiety and depression. The effect of empty nests on the health of the elderly is not significant.