中国城市隔代教育家庭关系的现象研究——基于X社区的个案分析

A Study on the Phenomenon of Family Relations in Urban Intergenerational Education in China —Case Analysis Based on X Community

摘要: “抱孙不抱子”在中国社会既是传统，也是文化，但随着经济社会的变迁、生活节奏的加快，“隔代教育”在很大程度上渐渐成为一个具有争议的问题，同时在一定程度上因为祖辈、父辈和孙辈三者之间的代际差异而引起家庭成员对教育权利的争夺，即家庭话语权的下移，从而直接影响到家庭成员之间的关系。本文即以此为切入点，以问卷调查法、个案研究法和实地观察法为研究方法，通过对X社区祖辈角色地位、父辈在家庭关系中的作用以及第三代儿童的心理行为案例的分析，结合齐美尔的冲突理论思想，研究发现当代城市中隔代教育的问题表现为家庭成员之间的亲密度不足、亲子之间情感交流少，其主要影响因素为祖辈在家庭教育中角色地位不稳定，父系家长在家中“无作为”，在教导孙辈的过程中参与度较低，而为避免更多的中国城市家庭陷入这一困境，促进和谐家庭关系的建立，我们应当以社区社会工作者的角度介入城市家庭中，以此为基础提出建设性建议。

Abstract: “Hug the grandson but not the child” is both a tradition and a culture in Chinese society, but with the change of economy and society and the acceleration of the pace of life, “intergenerational education” has gradually become a controversial issue to a large extent, and to a certain extent, because of the intergenerational differences between the ancestors, parents and grandchildren, the family members of the right to education, that is, the downward shift of the family voice, which directly affects the relationship between family members. This paper takes this as the starting point, takes questionnaire method, case study method and field observation method as the research method, through the analysis of the role status of the ancestors of the X community, the role of the parents in the family relationship and the psychological behavior cases of the third generation of children, combined with Zimmer’s conflict theory, the study finds that the problem of intergenerational education in contemporary cities manifests itself in the lack of intimacy between family members, the lack of emotional communication between parents and children, and the main influencing factors are the unstable role of the ancestors in family education. In order to avoid more Chinese urban families from getting into this predicament and promote harmonious family relations, we should intervene in urban families from the perspective of community social workers and make constructive suggestions on this basis.