养育二孩双亲照顾者主观幸福度的影响因素分析研究

A Study on the Influencing Factors of Subjective Happiness of Parents Who Bring up a Second Child

摘要: 目的：探讨养育二孩双亲照顾者主观幸福度在照顾者负担、社会支持、情绪方面中的影响因素。方法：选取2020年5月~2020年12月在我院儿保门诊就诊的二孩夫妇100例，采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表、照顾者负担量表、社会支持评定量表对二孩照顾者进行评定，并分析照顾者主观幸福度的影响因素。结果；对于养育女孩的双亲照顾者焦虑情绪反应评分高于男孩，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。男孩双亲照顾者对支持利用度及正向体验高于女孩，差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。男、女孩双亲照顾者在抑郁情绪、照顾者负担、主观幸福感及社会支持度方面比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：在养育二孩家庭照顾的过程中，生养女孩的双亲照顾者焦虑情绪过高，男孩带来更高主观正向体验，对其的支持利用更高，抚养女孩的成长过程应受到多方面关注。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the influencing factors of caregivers’ subjective well-being on caregivers' burden, social support and emotion. Methods: 100 cases of two child couples in our child care clinic were selected and evaluated by self rating anxiety scale, self rating depression scale, Memorial University of Newfoundland happiness scale, caregiver burden scale and social support rating scale from May 2020 to December 2020, and the influencing factors of caregivers’ subjective well-being were analyzed. Results: The anxiety reaction score of parents who raised girls was higher than that of boys, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The utilization of support and positive experience of boys’ parents caregivers was higher than that of girls, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in depression, caregiver burden, subjective well-being and social support between male and female parents (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In the process of raising two-child family care, the anxiety of parents who have girls is too high, boys bring higher subjective positive experience, and their support utilization is higher, so the growth process of raising girls should be paid more attention.