江苏农业面源污染治理的法律规制研究

Study on Legal Regulation of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control in Jiangsu Province

摘要: 面源污染防治是困扰农村生态环境保护的一大难题。因此需要分析农业面源污染的具体概念及其特征，并对江苏具体防治措施的法律规制进行分析；针对立法无系统性、执法力量不足、司法薄弱等问题，建议江苏省可以制定《江苏省农业面源污染防治条例》或者先由省政府或农业农村厅出台相关的地方政府规章或规范性文件；结合新修改的《行政处罚法》，可将生态环保领域的行政处罚下放到乡镇；结合江苏“9 + 1”司法改革，江苏省可将农业面源污染纳入司法防治机制之中，也可提起公益诉讼；基层执法机关更应组织多样性的农业面源污染法治宣传，探讨从源头上减少面源污染的可能性，以实现农业发展与生态环境保护的和谐共存。

Abstract: The prevention and control of non-point source pollution is a major problem perplexing rural ecological environment protection. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the specific concepts and characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollution, and analyze the legal regulation of specific prevention and control measures in Jiangsu Province; in view of the problems of unsystematic legislation, insufficient law enforcement force and weak judicature, it is suggested that Jiangsu Province can formulate the regulations of Jiangsu Province on the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, or the provincial government or the Department of agriculture and rural areas should first issue relevant local government regulations or normative documents; in combination with the newly revised administrative punishment law, administrative punishment in the field of ecological and environmental protection can be delegated to villages and towns; combined with the “9 + 1” judicial reform in Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Province can bring agricultural non-point source pollution into the judicial prevention and control mechanism, or file public interest litigation; grass roots law enforcement agencies should organize diversified publicity on the rule of law of agricultural non-point source pollution, and explore the possibility of reducing non-point source pollution from the source, so as to realize the harmonious coexistence of agricultural development and ecological environment protection.