电解法制备铜粉工艺研究

Research on Preparation of Copper Powder by Electrolysis

摘要: 通过单因素实验方法，研究了电解液中硫酸浓度、Cu²⁺离子浓度、电流密度、温度等4个因素对铜粉粒度及电解能耗等2项实验指标的影响规律，获得最细小铜粉粒度d(50)为13.23 μm，最大比表面积为0.92 m²•g⁻¹，相应工艺条件为：硫酸浓度140 g•L⁻¹，Cu²⁺离子浓度18 g•L⁻¹，电流密度14 A•dm⁻²，电解温度30℃。在研究取值范围内，电解液中硫酸浓度、Cu²⁺离子浓度及温度与电解能耗呈负相关的关系，电流密度与电解能耗呈正相关的关系。

Abstract: The influence of sulfuric acid concentration, Cu²⁺ concentration, current density and temperature on the particle size and energy consumption of copper powder is studied by single factor experiment. The finest particle size d(50) of copper powder is 13.23 μm, and the maximum specific surface area is 0.92 m²•g⁻¹. The corresponding technological conditions are as follows: sulfuric acid concentration 140 g•L⁻¹, Cu²⁺ ion concentration 18 g•L⁻¹, current density 14 A•dm⁻² and temperature 30˚C. In the range of experimental values, sulfuric acid concentration, Cu²⁺ ion concentration and temperature in electrolyte are negatively correlated with electrolysis energy consumption, while current density is positively correlated with electrolysis energy consumption.