几种硒肥对沙糖橘果实硒含量、有机硒转化率及品质的影响

Effects of Several Selenium Fertilizers on Selenium Content, Organic Selenium Conversion Rate and Quality of Shatangju Fruit

摘要: 以沙糖橘成年结果树为试材，在不同年份、不同果园、不同生育期，施用不同硒肥，探讨几种硒肥对沙糖橘果实硒的转化、含量及果实品质的影响。结果表明：2018年试验8个处理全部测出含硒，且所含硒的形态全部为有机硒，有机硒转化率达100%，而对照果实并未测出含硒。其中处理1、3、4、5、7、8的果实硒含量在成熟采收时，均能达到广西富硒水果标准(硒含量0.01~0.1 mg/kg)。不同硒肥处理沙糖橘果实果皮较对照果实果皮薄，但各处理果实单果重、果实纵横径、可溶性固形物、还原糖、转化糖、总糖和VC含量以及果面色差a值、b值、L值与对照无极显著差异；沙糖橘喷施硒肥在促进果实成熟早期提高可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、可滴定酸含量方面作用明显，对提早成熟具有一定作用。建议生产富硒沙糖橘可在果实膨大期至着色初期喷施黑金津500倍、阻隔灵300倍3次，在果实膨大期喷施黑金津400倍2次、喷施农希科1200倍液3次，在果实膨大期和着色初期喷施黑金津500倍各1次。

Abstract: Taking mature fruit trees of Shatangju as materials, different selenium fertilizers were applied in different years, different orchards and different growth stages to study the effects of selenium fertilizers on the selenium transformation, selenium content and quality of Shatangju fruit. The results show that selenium was detected in all 8 treatments, and the form of selenium was all organic selenium, and the conversion rate of organic selenium reached 100% in 2018, but the Contrast fruit did not contain selenium. The selenium content of fruits in treatment 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 reached the standard of selenium-rich fruits in Guangxi (selenium content reached 0.01~0.1 mg/kg). The fruit pericarp of Shatangju treated with different selenium fertilizers was thinner than that of the Contrast, but there were no significant differences in single fruit weight, fruit vertical and horizontal diameter, soluble solids, reducing sugar, invert sugar, total sugar and VC content, fruit surface color a value, b value and L value between the treatments and the Contrast. Spraying selenium fertilizer on Shatangju could increase the soluble solids content, total sugar content and titratable acid content, and had a certain effect on early ripening. It is suggested that the production of selenium-enriched Shatanju can be sprayed with Heijinjin 500 times and Jiejieling 300 times for three times from fruit expansion stage to early coloring stage, Heijinjin 400 times for two times and Nongxike 1200 times for three times during fruit expansion stage, and Heijinjin 500 times for one time during fruit expansion stage and early coloring stage.