春季大亚湾海域海洋环境中石油类含量、分布特征及评价研究

Study on the Petroleum Content, Distribution Characteristics and Evaluation in the Marine Environment of Daya Bay in Spring

摘要: 本研究通过对2018年春季大亚湾海域的海水、沉积物及生物体中石油类含量的调查检测，分析评估其分布特征及质量状况，并对大亚湾历年来海水及沉积物石油类含量以及国内各海域生物体石油类含量进行对比。结果表明，海水石油类含量为0.006~0.038 mg/L，均值为0.015 mg/L；沉积物石油类含量为44.1~483 mg/kg，均值为105 mg/kg；生物体石油类含量为 < DL~31.7 mg/kg，均值为8.5 mg/kg。海水、沉积物中石油类含量呈现出从大亚湾北部沿岸向外海下降的趋势；评价结果是海水、沉积物及生物体石油类含量基本符合1类标准；通过历年比对(1996年至本研究数据采集时间)，大亚湾的海水、沉积物石油类质量情况相对良好，而通过对比我国其他海域，大亚湾的生物体石油类含量处于中低水平。

Abstract: On the basis of monitoring concentration of petroleum in seawater, sediments and organisms along Daya Bay in spring of 2018, the distribution and environmental quality were analyzed and evaluated, as well as compared the petroleum content of seawater and sediments in Daya Bay over the years, and compared the petroleum content of organisms in various sea areas in China. The result shows that the petroleum content of seawater is 0.006~0.038 mg/L, the average is 0.015 mg/L, the petroleum content of sediment is 44.1~483 mg/kg, the average is 105mg/kg, the petroleum content of organism is < DL~31.7 mg/kg, the average is 8.5 mg/kg. The concentration of petroleum in seawater and sediments shows a downward trend from the northern part to the outside in Daya Bay. The petroleum quality of seawater, sediments and organisms roughly conforms to Grade 1 standard. Through the comparison over the years the petroleum quality situation of seawater and sediments is good (data collected from1996 to 2018). But the petroleum content of organisms in Daya Bay is at low to medium level among bays around China.