浅谈我国耕地占补平衡政策落实的挑战与对策

A Brief Talk on the Challenges and Countermeasures of Implementing the Balanced Policy of Cultivated Land Occupation and Compensation in China

摘要: 耕地占补平衡是我国耕地保护制度的重要环节之一，缓解了我国城镇化及工业化过程中不断扩张而导致的耕地占用和人地矛盾紧张的问题。当前，耕地占补平衡面临耕地后备资源枯竭、建设占地和耕地补充时空不匹配、以及普遍存在的“占优补劣”问题等导致的补充耕地质量下滑等问题，不能实现生态文明要求下耕地质量和生态的动态平衡。因此，加快形成以耕地质量和产能为核心的占补平衡新体系、差异化耕地占补平衡调控机制、加强政策上的宏观引导机制，支撑耕地保护向数量、质量、生态“三位一体”纵深发展。

Abstract: The balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation is one of the important links of China’s cultivated land protection system, which alleviates the problems of cultivated land occupation and tension between people and land caused by the continuous expansion in the process of urbanization and industrialization. At present, the balance of arable land is faced with the depletion of reserve resources of cultivated land, the mismatch between construction land and arable land replenishment time and space, and the widespread problem of “invade the good and supplement the inferior”, which hinders the quality of supplementary cultivated land and other problems, which hinder the realization of the dynamic balance of quality and ecology of cultivated land under the requirements of ecological civilization. Therefore, speed up the formation of a new system for the balance of arable land quality and production capacity, differentiated arable land occupancy and compensation balance adjustment mechanism, and strengthen the macro-guidance mechanism in policy to support the in-depth development of arable land protection towards the trinity of quantity, quality and ecology.