经典名方苓桂术甘汤古今文献考证研究

Ancient and Modern Literature on the Classical Formula of Linggui Zhugan Decoction

摘要: 苓桂术甘汤作为流传千年的经典名方之一，后世医家对其记载众多。本研究旨在通过系统梳理、分析记载苓桂术甘汤的中医古籍及现代临床文献，对其出处、药物组成、剂量、用法和剂型、方义、道地药材及炮制方法、现代临床应用等进行考辨分析，为复方制剂的研发提供证据支持。考证认为，该方出自东汉张仲景《金匮要略•痰饮咳嗽并脉证第十二篇》，由茯苓、桂枝、白术、甘草四味药物组成，其中甘草炙用，其余三味药物均为生品，现代剂量遵循临床疗效和用药习惯按一两 = 3 g进行折算，即茯苓12 g、桂枝9 g、白术6 g、炙甘草6 g，原方为汤剂，用1200 ml水煮以上四味药物，煎取药液600 ml，分三次服用，由于汤剂服用的不便和现代技术的进步，目前配方颗粒的研究前景广阔。该方古籍记载主治中阳不足之痰饮证，现代临床主要将其用来治疗慢性支气管炎、支气管哮喘、心源性水肿、慢性肾小球肾炎水肿、梅尼埃病、神经官能症等属水饮停于中焦者。

Abstract: Linggui Zhugan decoction, as one of the classic formula spread for thousands of years, has been recorded by later doctors. The purpose of this study is to systematize and analyze the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine and modern clinical literature of Linggui Zhugan decoction. The source, composition, dosage, usage and dosage form, efficacy, authentic medicinal materials, processing methods and modern clinical application of the compound preparation were analyzed. It is found that this prescription is from the Twelfth Chapter of “Synopsis of the Golden Chamber” written by Zhang Zhongjing of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is composed of Tuckahoe, Ramulus cinnamomi, Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, Radix glycyrrhizae and Radix glycyrrhizae, and the other three herbs are all raw materials. The dosage is converted according to the Clinical Curative effect and the habit of using the medicine according to one-two = 3 g, namely Tuckahoe 12 g, Ramulus cinnamomi 9 g, Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae 6 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch 6 g; decoction of above four herbs with 1200 ml water; decoction of 600 ml; taken in three times. Due to the inconvenience of taking decoction and the progress of modern technology, the research prospect of formula granule is broad at present. The ancient books in this place record the syndrome of phlegm and fluid that governs Yang deficiency, in modern clinical practice, it is mainly used to treat bronchitis, asthma, cardiogenic edema, chronic glomerulonephritis edema, Mesnière’s disease, neurosis effects, etc.