我国居民健康水平的地区分布差异和影响因素分析

Analysis on the Regional Distribution Differences and Influencing Factors of the Health Level of Chinese Residents

摘要: 本文以我国34个省级行政单位为研究对象，使用2019年的数据，运用Arcgis中的空间自相关、逐步回归、加权地理回归模型等分析方法研究了我国健康水平的空间分布差异和影响因素。得出结果表明：1）我国人口健康水平整体存在地区分布差异：东部最高、中部次之、西部最低，健康水平在全国范围内的公平性较差；2）影响我国人口健康水平的因素有经济、教育、医疗、环境和社会等，其中地区卫生机构数、平均受教育年限、人均GDP、城镇化率和植被覆盖率对人口健康水平有显著正向影响，SO2排放量对人口健康水平有显著负向影响；3）环境、教育、经济和社会因素对人口健康水平的影响具有显著的空间异质性。人均GDP对人口健康水平的正向影响呈现东强西弱的梯度分异，卫生机构数、平均受教育年限、城镇化率和植被覆盖率对人口健康水平的正向影响则呈现西强东弱的梯度分异。

Abstract: This article takes 34 provincial administrative units in my country as the research object, uses the data of 2019, and uses the spatial autocorrelation, stepwise regression, weighted geographic regression model and other analytical methods in Arcgis to study the spatial distribution difference and influence of my country’s health level factor. The results show that: 1) the overall health level of the population in China has regional distribution differences: the eastern part is the highest, the central part is the second, and the western part is the lowest. The fairness of the health level across the country is poor; 2) factors affecting the health level of the Chinese population include economy and education , medical care, environment and society, among which the number of regional health institutions, average years of education, per capita GDP, urbanization rate and vegetation coverage have a significant positive impact on the health of the population, and SO2 emissions have a significant negative impact on the health of the population impact; 3) environmental, educational, economic and social factors have significant spatial heterogeneity in the impact of population health. The positive impact of per capita GDP on the health of the population presents a gradient differentiation from the east to the weak from the east. The positive impacts of the number of health institutions, average years of education, urbanization rate and vegetation coverage on the health of the population show a gradient differentiation from the west to the weak from the east.