授权赋能健康教育对二胎高龄产妇母乳喂养不良反应的影响

The Impact of Empowering Health Education on Adverse Breastfeeding Reactions in Older Second Children

摘要: 目的：探讨授权赋能健康教育对二胎高龄产妇纯母乳喂养不良反应的影响。方法：将2020年7月~10月期间于我院就诊符合纳入标准的产妇80例分为2组，干预组和对照组各40例。观察组使用爱婴医院标准的健康教育，干预组使用授权赋能健康教育，对比分析2组产妇产后3天、7天、42天和4个月、6个月纯母乳喂养率及产后3天、42天和4个月、6个月母乳喂养不良反应情况。结果：1) 母乳喂养不良反应情况：产后3天、42天、4个月、6个月乳头疼痛或皮肤破裂发生率、乳房肿胀或硬结发生率、便秘发生率、婴儿腹胀发生率干预组低于对照组(p < 0.05)，差异有统计学意义；产后6个月产妇肥胖率，干预组低于对照组(p < 0.05)，差异有统计学意义；2) 母乳喂养相关因素自我管理：产后3天产妇宫缩疼对哺乳影响的控制情况，干预组优于对照组(p < 0.05)，差异有统计学意义；哺乳期血性恶露结束时间，干预组短于对照组(p < 0.05)，差异有统计学意义；3) 干预组的产后3天、42天、4个月、6个月的纯母乳喂养率均高于对照组(p < 0.05)，差异有统计学意义。结论：授权赋能教育有助于减少二胎高龄产妇母乳喂养不良反应的发生，同时能改善母乳喂养相关因素的自我管理情况，提高纯母乳喂养率。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of empowerment health education on the complications associated with exclusive breastfeeding of second-born mothers. Methods: According to the inpatient area, the 80 cases of maternal treatment in our hospital from July to October 2020 were divided into 2 groups, and 40 cases were divided into 40 cases in the control group of the second disease area of the intervention group of one disease area. Using the standard health education of baby-friendly hospitals, the intervention group used the authorized enabled health education model to compare and analyze the 3 d, 7 d, 42 d and 4 months after birth, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months and the complications associated with breastfeeding in 3 d, 42 d and 4 months and 6 months after childbirth. Results: 1) Breastfeeding-related complications: incidence of nipple pain or skin rupture at 3 d, 42 d, 4 months and 6 months after birth, incidence of breast swelling or hard knots, incidence of constipation, infant bloating rate intervention group was lower than control group (p < 0.05), the difference was statistically significant; The rate of maternal obesity in the 6 months after child-rearing was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. 2) The control of breastfeeding-related factors: the control of the effect of 3 d maternal urinary contraction pain on lactation after child-rearing was better than that of the control group (p < 0.05), and the difference was statistically significant; The end time of hemolytic dew during lactation was shorter than that of the control group (p < 0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. 3) The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was higher in the intervention group of 3 d, 42 d, 4 months and 6 months than that of the control group (p < 0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: Empowerment education helps reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions to breastfeeding in the second child, improve the self-management of breastfeeding related factors and improve the rate of pure breastfeeding.