海宁市养老机构老年人心理健康和主观幸福感的现状分析

Analysis of Existing Circumstance of Mental Health and Subjective Well-Being of the Elderly in Pension Institutions in Haining

摘要: 目的：调查分析海宁市养老机构老年人心理健康和主观幸福感的现状。方法：随机选取海宁市养老机构≥65周岁的海宁市老年人123名，以老年人一般情况调查表与症状自评量表(SCL-90)为工具，为海宁市老年人心理健康情况分别进行调查，用主观幸福感测评量表的方式来评价被试者对幸福的陈述，并对现状进行影响因素分析。结果：海宁市养老机构内有心理问题的老年人占比例为38.2%，婚姻状况、家庭支持和健康状况影响老年人的心理健康，老年人的心理健康水平和主观幸福感呈现显著性相关(p < 0.01)，呈现出显著的负相关。结论：海宁市养老机构老年人心理健康状况总体较好，主观幸福感略高于全国常模，当老年人主观幸福感得分越高时，心理健康水平的得分就会越低，也就意味着心理越健康。

Abstract: Objective: Investigate and analyze the status quo of mental health and subjective well-being of the elderly in pension institutions in Haining City. Methods: A total of 123 elderly persons ≥65 years old in Haining old-age care institutions were randomly selected to investigate the mental health of the elderly by using the general condition questionnaire and the symptom self-rating scale (SCL-90) as tools. Subjective Well-being Scale was used to evaluate the participants’ statements on happiness, and analyze the influencing factors of the current situation. Results: The proportion of the elderly with psychological problems in the pension institutions in Haining is 38.2%. Marital status, family support and health status affect the mental health of the elderly, and the mental health level of the elderly has a significant correlation with subjective well-being (p < 0.01), showing a significant negative correlation. Conclusion: The overall mental health status of the elderly in the pension institutions in Haining is good, and the subjective well-being is slightly higher than the national norm. The higher the score of the elderly’s subjective well-being, the lower the score of the mental health level, which means the better mental health.