我国电力服务能源民生政策分析——基于“十三五”时期电力企业能源民生政策分析

Policy Analysis of China’s Electric Power Serving People’s Livelihood in Energy —Analysis of People’s Livelihood in Energy Policies of Power Enterprises during the 13th Five Year Plan Period

摘要: 能源民生是我国民生建设的重要内容，关系着人民美好生活的实现。国网电力企业是保障能源民生的关键主体，其出台的电力能源民生政策直接关涉全民能源需求保障、国家能源民生战略的落实。文章通过政策文本分析法分析“十三五”时期国网26家电力企业服务能源民生的126份政策文件，建构了电力能源民生政策框架、多层次需求框架，梳理了电力民生政策基本状况、特征。同时对26家电力企业电力民生政策进行量化分析。发现，总体上电力企业对能源民生支持较为充分，但是政策多部门协同不足；大部分企业偏好基础设施建设工具的使用，五类政策工具利用不均衡；26家电力企业的能源民生保障发展不均衡，发达与欠发达地区差距明显等政策特征和问题。

Abstract: Energy livelihood is an important part of the construction of people’s livelihood in China, which is related to the realization of people’s better life. State Grid Electric Power Enterprises are the key subjects to ensure the people’s livelihood of energy. The policies on people’s livelihood of electricity and energy issued by them are directly related to the energy demand guarantee of the whole people and the implementation of the national energy and people’s livelihood strategy. Through the analysis of policy text, this paper analyzes 126 policy documents of 26 State Grid electric power enterprises serving energy people’s livelihood during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period, constructs the policy framework and multi-level demand framework of electricity energy people’s livelihood, and summarizes the basic situation and characteristics of electricity people’s livelihood policy. At the same time, quantitative analysis is made on 26 electric power enterprises’ electricity livelihood policies. It is found that, on the whole, the power enterprises have sufficient support for the people’s livelihood of energy, but the multi-department coordination of policies is insufficient. Most enterprises prefer the use of infrastructure construction tools, and the use of the five kinds of policy tools is unbalanced. The 26 electric power enterprises’ energy livelihood security development is not balanced, and the gap between developed and underdeveloped regions is obvious.