奥康纳生态社会主义理论是否可行？——读詹姆斯·奥康纳《自然的理由：生态学马克思主义研究》

Is O’Connor’s Eco-Socialism Theory Feasible?—Reading James O’Connor’s Reasons for Nature: A Study of Ecological Marxism

摘要: 资本主导下的全球化不仅表现在经济的全球化，也表现出生态危机的全球化。资本逻辑下的“生态性资本主义”缺乏现实实现的可能性，生态危机的解决必须寄希望于社会主义，具体表现在生态社会主义。以“生产性正义”为核心的生态社会主义区别于传统社会主义，体现了人们对正义性社会的价值诉求。奥康纳生态社会主义理论有其深刻和进步的一面，但理论所表现出的非彻底性、非革命性也注定其生态社会主义道路现实实现的“乌托邦性”。对奥康纳生态社会主义理论可行性批判，对于探索社会主义发展道路，把握社会主义发展前景具有重要指导意义。

Abstract: Capital-led globalization not only shows the globalization of economy, but also shows the globalization of ecological crisis. The “ecological capitalism” under the capital logic lacks the possibility of realizing reality, and the solution of ecological crisis must be based on socialism, which is embodied in ecological socialism. Ecological socialism with “productive justice” as its core is different from traditional socialism and embodies people’s value demands for a just society. O’Connor’s ecological socialism theory has its profound and progressive side, but the non-thoroughness and non-revolutionary nature of the theory are also doomed to the “utopian nature” of the realization of the reality of the ecological socialism road. The criticism of the feasibility of O’Connor’s ecological socialism theory is of great guiding significance for exploring the development path of socialism and grasping the development prospects of socialism.