早期肠内营养在神经外科重症患者临床应用及护理进展
Clinical Application and Nursing Progress of Early Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients in Neurosurgery
DOI: 10.12677/NS.2021.105069, PDF,   
作者: 陆小燕, 杜晓亮, 王 艳：华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院，湖北 武汉
关键词: 肠内营养；临床应用；护理；进展； Enteral Nutrition； Clinical Application； Nursing； Progress
摘要: 早期肠内营养是指患者在入院24~48 h经消化道给与比较全面的营养素的方式。由于各种因素带来各种并发症的发生，神经外科重症患者的营养水平并未达到预期的效果。喂养不足的主要原因包括：进食时间较长，营养支持中断，肠内营养提高速度缓慢，重症患者的特殊因素，医护人员对肠内营养认知不足等。随着营养支持的理论和实践不断完善，人们对胃肠道功能认识的不断加深，肠内营养的优势逐渐显现出来。肠内营养有廉价、安全有效、合乎生理、操作简单，便于推广等优点，已成为外科临床营养支持的首选途径。随着肠内营养应用范围不断扩大，其护理质量要求也随之提高，护理措施也逐渐完善。营养支持作为临床危重患者治疗的必要环节，被广大医务工作者重视，当今在临床上针对肠道功能存在的危重患者首选肠内营养。本文就早期肠内营养在神经外科重症患者的临床应用及护理进展作一综述。
Abstract: Early enteral nutrition refers to the way that patients are given comprehensive nutrients through the digestive tract within 24~48 hours after hospital admission. Due to the occurrence of various complications caused by various factors, the nutritional level of critically ill patients in neurosurgery has not reached the expected effect. The main reasons for insufficient feeding include: longer feeding time, interruption of nutritional support, slow improvement of enteral nutrition, special factors for severely ill patients, and insufficient knowledge of enteral nutrition by medical staff. With the continuous improvement of the theories and practice of nutritional support, people continue to deepen their understanding of gastrointestinal function, and the advantages of enteral nutrition have gradually been recognized. Enteral nutrition has the advantages of being cheap, safe and effective, easy to operate, and convenient to promote so that it has become the first choice for surgical clinical nutritional support. With the continuous expansion of application of enteral nutrition, its nursing quality requirements have also increased, and nursing measures have been gradually improved. Nutritional support, as a necessary part of the treatment of clinically ill patients, is valued by the majority of medical workers. Nowadays, enteral nutrition is the first choice for critically ill patients with intestinal function in clinical practice. This article reviews the clinical application and nursing progress of early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients in neurosurgery.
文章引用：陆小燕, 杜晓亮, 王艳. 早期肠内营养在神经外科重症患者临床应用及护理进展[J]. 护理学, 2021, 10(5): 428-432. https://doi.org/10.12677/NS.2021.105069

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