频发性血液透析患者低血压危险因素研究与护理对策分析

Study on Risk Factors and Nursing Countermeasures of Hypotension in Patients with Frequent Hemodialysis

摘要: 目的：探讨频发性血液透析患者低血压危险因素研究与护理对策。方法：纳入100例维持血液透析患者，采集患者一般资料以及血液指标，分析频发性血液透析患者低血压危险因素，探讨护理对策。结果：频发组患者的年龄、透析前平均动脉压、超滤液量以及BMI均显著较非频发组高，且透析病程较非频发组长，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。频发组患者的红细胞数、血红蛋白、血小板、血钾及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均较非频发组低，而其血磷和低密度脂蛋白水平均较非频发组高，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：年龄、透析病程、透析前平均动脉压、超滤液量、BMI、红细胞数、血红蛋白、血小板以及胆固醇均为频发性透析中低血压发生的危险因素，在日常护理中应当重视。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the risk factors and nursing countermeasures of hypotension in patients with frequent hemodialysis. Methods: 100 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled, their general data and blood indicators were collected, risk factors of hypotension in frequent hemodialysis patients were analyzed, and nursing countermeasures were discussed. Results: The age, mean arterial pressure before dialysis, ultrafiltration volume and BMI of patients in the frequent group were significantly higher than those in the non-frequent group, and the course of dialysis was longer than that in the non-frequent group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). RBC count, hemoglobin, platelet, potassium and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower in the frequent frequency group than in the non-frequent frequency group, while the levels of phosphorus and low-density lipoprotein were higher in the frequent frequency group than in the non-frequent frequency group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Age, course of dialysis, mean arterial pressure before dialysis, ultrafiltrate volume, BMI, RBC count, hemoglobin, platelet and cholesterol are all risk factors for hypotension in frequent dialysis, which should be paid attention to in daily nursing.