方位词“上”在上古汉语里的语义演变及演变机制
The Semantic Change and Mechanism of Change for the Spatial Word Shang (上) in Archaic Chinese
DOI: 10.12677/ML.2021.95160, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 金 叶：华北电力大学英语系，河北 保定；马 赛：首都师范大学外国语学院，北京
关键词: 方位词；语义演化；一词多义；概念隐喻；语用推理；Spatial Words； Semantic Change； Polysemy； Conceptual Metaphor； Pragmatic Inference
摘要: 基于汉语历时语料库,该研究分析了482例“上”字在上古汉语的语义。利用Tyler & Evans (2003)提出的原则性一词多义模型(Principled Polysemy Model)，判定了“上”的基本义及在上古汉语中产生的引申义。分析结果显示隐喻在“上”字的早期用法中已经发挥作用，促使各项引申义的产生。另外，隐喻与语用推理可以共同发挥作用，促进多义项的产生。通过展示方位词“上”在上古时期产生的语义，揭示了汉语“上”字产生一词多义现象的原因并为汉语的语义演变机制提供了例证。
Abstract: This study investigates the semantic developments of 482 instances of shang in historical texts from the period of Archaic Chinese. We use Tyler and Evans (2003)’s Principled Polysemy Model to test the primary and extended senses associated with shang in Archaic Chinese. It has been shown that metaphor was active and contributed to the extended meanings of shang even in an early stage and metaphor and pragmatic inference can both lead to the extended meanings of shang. By displaying the various senses of shang occurring in Archaic Chinese, this study reveals how the word shang became a polysemous word and provides evidence to the mechanisms of semantic change for Chinese.
文章引用：金叶, 马赛. 方位词“上”在上古汉语里的语义演变及演变机制[J]. 现代语言学, 2021, 9(5): 1174-1181. https://doi.org/10.12677/ML.2021.95160

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