微纳米曝气及挂膜人工湿地对生活污水的处理研究

Study on Domestic Sewage Treatment by Micro-Nano Aeration and Membrane-Forming Constructed Wetland

摘要: 微纳米曝气人工湿地是一种新型的人工湿地系统，微纳米气泡由于尺寸较小，能表现出有别于普通气泡的特性，可大幅提高增氧效率，改善水体供养，为微生物提供有利条件，加快微生物的分解作用；挂膜人工湿地中挂膜装置主要为微生物提供一个附着环境。本研究在构建人工湿地的基础上，以文山华宇卧龙府小区生活污水为模拟进水，通过连续进水方式，研究微纳米曝气及挂膜人工湿地模拟系统对生活污水中氮(N)、磷(P)处理效果，为探索生活污水高效处理的可行性进行探索研究。结果表明，1) 微纳米曝气人工湿地系统对污水中TN、NH₄⁺-N、TP、PO₄^3-具有较好的去除效果，对污水中TN、NH₄⁺-N、TP、PO₄^3-的平均去除率分别为：62.1%、75.1%、38.2%、56.6%；2) 微纳米曝气及挂膜人工湿地系统对污水中氮的去除效果较好，尤其对氨氮的去除较为明显，微纳米曝气人工湿地对氨氮去除率达到75.1%，挂膜人工湿地对氨氮去除率达到65.8%；3) 微纳米曝气及挂膜人工湿地系统对生活污水中N、P的去除效果高于生态填料人工湿地系统。研究结果可被应用于生活污水的处理。

Abstract: The micro-nanometer aerated constructed wetland is a new type of constructed wetland system. Because of its small size, Micro-Nano bubbles can exhibit characteristics different from ordinary bubbles, which can greatly increase oxygenation efficiency, improve water supply, provide favorable conditions for microorganisms, and accelerate the decomposition of microorganisms; the membrane-attachment device in the artificial membrane constructed wetland provides an environment for microorganisms to attach. In this study, on the basis of constructing constructed wetlands, domestic wastewater from Huayuwolongfu was used as simulated influent water, and the Micro-Nano aeration and membrane-construction constructed wetland simulation system was studied for nitrogen in domestic wastewater through continuous water intake. Phosphorus treatment effect explores the feasibility of exploring efficient treatment of domestic sewage. The results showed that 1) Micro-nanometer aerated constructed wetland systems have a good removal effect on TN, NH₄⁺-N, TP, and PO₄^3- in wastewater, and average removal rates of TN, NH₄⁺-N, TP, and PO₄^3- in wastewater are respectively: 62.1%, 75.1%, 38.2%, 56.6%; 2) Micro-Nano aeration and mem-brane-construction constructed wetland systems have a good removal effect on nitrogen in wastewater, especially for the removal of ammonia nitrogen, micro-nanometer aeration. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in constructed wetlands reached 75.1%, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in artificially constructed wetlands reached 65.8%. 3) The removal efficiency of N and P in the domestic sewage in the Micro-Nano aeration and film-formation constructed wetland system is higher than that in the ecological packing artificial wetland system. The research results can be applied to the treatment of domestic sewage.