不明原因发热患者的病因探讨及护理对策

Etiology Discussing and Nursing Countermeasures of Patients with Fever of Unknown Origin

摘要: 目的：探讨不明原因发热患者的病因特点及护理对策，为临床FUO诊断和治疗提供依据及参考。方法：分析2018年5月~8月我科收治的49例符合FUO诊断标准不明原因发热病人的治疗及护理情况，并对FUO患者病因进行分类。结果：49例患者经各种检查及诊断性治疗最终确诊47例患者，确诊率95.9%。感染性疾病32例占65.3%；结核性疾病5例占10.2%；风湿免疫性疾病8例占16.3%；肿瘤性疾病2例占4%；原因未明2例占4%；好转及治愈43例；死亡1例；未愈2例；转肝移植科及胸科医院各1例。结论：FUO患者病因复杂，感染性疾病为主要病因，明确FUO的病因谱可为临床早期诊断和治疗提供依据。在护理上，我们除了加强做好自身防护，认真细致的询问病史、完善的检查、严密的病情观察和精心护理对患者的诊断，治疗和康复都起到至关重要的作用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the etiological characteristics and nursing countermeasures of patients with fever of unknown origin, and to provide a basis and reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of FUO. Methods: The treatment and nursing of 49 patients with FUO were analyzed from May to August 2018, and the etiology of FUO patients was classified. Results: 47 cases of 49 patients were diagnosed after various examinations and diagnostic treatment, with a confirmed rate of 95.9%. There were 32 cases of infectious diseases (65.3%); 5 cases of tuberculous diseases 10.2%; 8 cases (16.3%) were rheumatic immune diseases; 2cases of neoplastic diseases (4%); the cause was unknown in 2 cases (4%). 43 cases were improved or cured, 1 case died, 2 cases were not cured, 1 case was transferred to liver transplantation department and 1 case was transferred to chest hospital. Conclusion: The etiology of FUO patients is complex, and infectious diseases are the main cause. To clarify the etiology spectrum of FUO can provide a basis for early clinical diagnosis and treatment. In nursing, in addition to strengthening their own protection, careful and meticulous inquiry of the history, perfect examination, rigorous observation and careful nursing, play a vital role in the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients.