基于主成分分析法的城市化水平演化研究——以皖江城市带为例

Research on the Evolution of Urbanization Levels Based on Principal Component Analysis—Taking the Wanjiang City Belt as an Example

摘要: 进入21世纪以来，我国的城市化进程逐步加快，城市发展也呈现出多样化的态势。通过选取安徽省城市化水平较高的皖江城市带所包含的城市作为项目研究案例开展实证研究，基于研究区2009~2018年的相关统计数据，利用人口城市化率、人均GDP以及土地城市化率三个指标评价了区域人口、经济、空间城市化水平，并进一步利用主成分分析法整合三个指标获得综合指标值，对皖江城市带城市化水平进行了综合评价分析。结果表明：皖江城市带人口城市化增长质量不一，经济城市化稳定上升，土地城市化在空间上差异较大，区域综合城市化水平整体呈波动上升趋势。

Abstract: Since the beginning of the 21st century, the process of urbanization in China has been gradually accelerated, and the urban development has shown a trend of diversification. In this paper, the cities in Wanjiang City Belt with high urbanization level in Anhui province are selected as project cases to carry out empirical research. Based on the relevant data of the research area from 2009 to 2018, three indexes of population urbanization rate, per capita GDP and land urbanization rate are used to evaluate the population, economy and spatial urbanization level of the region. The paper analyzes the level of urbanization in Wanjiang City Belt by integrating the three indexes with the principal component analysis method. The results show that the growth quality of population in Wanjiang City Belt is different, the spatial difference of land urbanization is great, the economic urbanization increases stably, but the overall urbanization level shows fluctuant rise trend.