深圳市住院高血压患者自我管理水平现状及其影响因素的调查研究

Study on the Self-Management Behavior and Its Influencing Factors of Hospitalized Patients with Hypertension in Shenzhen City

摘要: 目的：调查深圳市住院成人高血压患者的自我管理行为现状，并分析其影响因素。方法：在2020年12月~2021年4月采用便利抽样对深圳市某两家三甲综合医院的121名住院成人高血压患者进行自我管理调查，并进行影响因素的分析。采用高血压病人自我管理行为测评量表进行测量，包括6个维度的管理内容。结果：深圳市住院高血压患者自我管理水平平均得分为116.28 ± 19.80。高血压患者的年龄、文化程度、家族史、饮酒习惯、体育锻炼习惯、时常处于压力、焦虑状态是高血压患者自我管理水平的影响因素(P < 0.05)。结论：深圳市住院高血压患者的自我管理处于中等水平，中青年高血压患者的自我管理水平不如老年人。住院高血压患者在用药管理、运动管理方面表现较好，在饮食管理、病情监测方面表现欠佳。应该针对影响因素制定相应措施提高高血压患者的自我管理水平。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the status quo of self-management behavior of hospitalized adult patients with hypertension in Shenzhen City and analyze its influencing factors. Method: From December 2020 to April 2021, convenience sampling was used to investigate the self-management of 121 hospitalized adult patients with hypertension in two top three hospitals in Shenzhen City, and the influencing factors were analyzed. Hypertension Patients Self-Management Behavior Rang Scale (HPSMBRS) was used including six dimensions of management content. Results: The self-management level score of inpatient hypertension was 116.28 ± 19.80 points. The factors influencing the self-management level of hypertension patients were age, education, family history, drinking habits, physical exercise habits, stress and anxiety state (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The self-management behavior of hospitalized hypertensive patients in Shenzhen City is at a moderate level, and the self-management level of young and middle-aged hypertensive patients is lower than that of the elderly. The inpatients with hypertension performed well in medication management and exercise management, but not well in diet management and condition monitoring. The researchers should formulate corresponding measures according to the influencing factors to improve the self-management level of patients with hypertension.