激酶与外周神经损伤修复研究进展

Research on Kinases and Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

摘要: 外周神经损伤脱髓鞘疾病是最常见的外伤疾病。目前常见的治疗手段有外科手术缝合、自体神经或者异体神经移植及组织工程技术。影响损伤神经后期功能恢复因素众多如受损神经横断面积，缺损神经缺口长度及各种激酶、生长因子等表达的差异。激酶种类众多，作为重要的信号传导分子调控多条信号通路，包括神经损伤后坏死组织清除与神经再生等多种过程。因此，为进一步了解激酶在外周神经损伤修复中扮演的角色，本文回顾了多种常见的激酶类型、不同的神经损伤类型及其修复的进程，发现激酶可以通过调节自噬过程、炎症反应、细胞凋亡、细胞周期以及氧化应激等过程参与损伤神经组织再生修复微环境的形成，影响神经的再生修复。

Abstract: Peripheral nerve injury demyelinating disease is the most common traumatic disease. At present, common treatment methods include surgical suture, autologous nerve or allogeneic nerve transplantation and tissue engineering technology. There are many factors that affect the functional recovery of injured nerves, such as the cross-sectional area of the injured nerve, the length of the defect of the nerve and the difference in the expression of various kinases and growth factors. There are many kinds of kinases, which are important signal transduction molecules to regulate multiple signal pathways, and regulate various processes, such as the removal of necrotic tissue and nerve regeneration after nerve injury. Therefore, in order to further understand the role of kinases in the repair of peripheral nerve damage, this article reviews a variety of common kinase types, different types of nerve damage and their repair processes. We found that kinases can regulate processes, such as autophagy, inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, cell cycle and oxidative stress, and participate in the formation of the microenvironment for regeneration and repair of damaged nerve tissue through these processes, and affect the regeneration and repair of nerves.