以罗马法禁婚规定为视角，检视民法典之禁婚规范

A Review of the Prohibition of Marriage in the Civil Code through the Lens of the Roman Law

摘要: 现行《民法典》在婚姻家庭编中删去了原婚姻法第七条中关于医学禁婚疾病的条款，代之以重大疾病可婚但需提前告知对方，否则婚姻存在可撤销事由的条款。这样的改变看似回应公民婚姻自由的诉求，体现了立法的人本理念，但出于保障公共卫生的意旨，参考罗马法中精神病人不得结婚的禁令，笔者建议以行为能力为尺度有限度地保留禁止患有一些疾病的患者结婚的规定，同时删改重大疾病条款。

Abstract: In the current Civil Code, the provisions of Article 7 of the former Marriage Law concerning the medical prohibition of marriage have been deleted and replaced by a provision that marriage may be contracted on the basis of a serious illness, provided that the other party is informed in advance, otherwise the marriage is subject to annulment. However, in order to protect public health and to refer to the prohibition of marriage for the mentally ill in Roman law, the author suggests that the prohibition of marriage for patients with certain diseases should be retained to a limited extent based on the measure of capacity, and that the clause on major diseases should be deleted.