抑郁症伴执行功能障碍研究进展

Advances in Depression with Executive Dysfunction

摘要: 抑郁症是目前世界最常见的精神障碍，它是一种显著而持久的以与其处境不相符的心境低落、思维迟缓、兴趣减退甚至悲观消极、自杀观念为主要临床症状的精神性疾病。其中，执行功能障碍作为抑郁症认知领域损伤的核心症状，极大地影响患者病情发展及生活质量。作者从日常生活表现、未成年人与老年人表现上作了具体的阐述。抑郁症患者伴有执行功能障碍会出现职业困难及反刍思维；未成年人与老年人具有显著的脑功能差异。而由于执行功能的复杂性，目前科学家们仍未研究清楚具体的神经机制，这也是一大难题，但可以肯定的是，抑郁症执行功能障碍与神经生物学基础密不可分。希望可为研究抑郁症及ED以及其他认知损害的科研工作者提供新思路。

Abstract: Depression is the most common mental disorder in the world now. It is a significant and persistent mental disease with the main clinical symptoms of low mood, slow thinking, loss of interest, even pessimism and suicide. Executive dysfunction (ED), as the core symptom of cognitive impairment in depression, greatly affects the development of the patient’s condition and quality of life. The author has made the specific elaboration from the daily life, the juvenile and the elderly performance. Depression patients with ED will appear occupational difficulties and rumination; Juveniles and the elderly have noteworthy differences in brain function. Due to the complexity of ED, scientists have not yet studied the specific neural mechanism, which is also a challenge. However, it is certain that ED of depression is inseparable from the neurobiological basis. It is hoped that this study will provide new ideas for researchers studying depression, ED and other cognitive impairments.