| [1] | Davies, K.W. (2011) Plant Community Diversity and Native Plant Abundance Decline with Increasing Abundance of an Exotic Annual Grass. Oecologia, 167, 481-491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-011-1992-2
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [2] | Stuart Chapin, F., Zavaleta, E.S., Eviner, V.T., et al. (1998) Consequences of Changing Biodiversity. Bioscience, 48, 45-52. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [3] | 葛家文. 中国生物多样性现状及保护对策[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2009, 37(11): 5066-5067. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [4] | 马建章, 戎可, 程鲲. 中国生物多样性就地保护的研究与实践[J]. 生物多样性, 2012, 20(5): 551-558. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [5] | 张彩虹, 朱教君, 闫巧玲, 等. 长白山北坡原始林与次生林植物物种多样性比较及影响因素分析[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2009, 37(11): 52-55. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [6] | 王永健, 陶建平, 彭月. 陆地植物群落物种多样性研究进展[J]. 广西植物, 2006, 26(4): 406-411. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [7] | Reitalu, T., Purschke, O., Lotten, J., et al. (2012) Responses of Grassland Species Richness to Local and Landscape Factors Depend on Spatial Scale and Habitat Specialization. Journal of Vegetation Science, 23, 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01334.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [8] | Pausas, J.G. and Austin, M.P. (2001) Patterns of Plant Species Richness in Relation to Different Environments: An Appraisal. Journal of Vegetation Science, 12, 153-166. https://doi.org/10.2307/3236601
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [9] | 汪殿蓓, 暨淑仪, 陈飞鹏. 植物群落物种多样性研究综述[J]. 生态学杂志, 2001(4): 55-60. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [10] | 刘冠成, 黄雅曦, 王庆贵, 等. 环境因子对植物物种多样性的影响研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(13): 83-89. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [11] | MacArthur, R.H. and Connell, J.H. (1966) The Biology of Populations. Wiley, New York. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [12] | Wilson, J.B. and Sykes, M.T. (1988) Some Tests for Niche Limitation by Examination of Species Diversity in the Dunedin Area, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 26, 237-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.1988.10410115
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [13] | 温佩颖, 金光泽. 地形对阔叶红松林物种多样性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(3): 945-956. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [14] | De Bello, F., Lepš, J. and Sebastià, M.T. (2006) Variations in Species and Functional Plant Diversity along Climatic and Grazing Gradients. Ecography, 29, 801-810. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2006.0906-7590.04683.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [15] | Tilman, D., Wedin, D. and Knops, J. (1996) Productivity and Sustainability Influenced by Biodiversity in Grassland Ecosystems. Nature, 379, 718-720. https://doi.org/10.1038/379718a0
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [16] | 刘志民, 赵晓英, 刘新民. 干扰与植被的关系[J]. 草业学报, 2002, 11(4): 1-9. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [17] | Connell, J. (1978) Diversity in Tropical Rain Forests and Coral Reefs: High Diversity of Trees and Corals is Maintained Only in Non-Equilibrium State. Science, 199, 1302-1310. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.199.4335.1302
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [18] | 毛志宏, 朱教君. 干扰对植物群落物种组成及多样性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2006(8): 2695-2701. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [19] | Wilson, J.B., Gitay, H., Roxburgh, S.H., et al. (1992) Egler’s Concept of Initial Floristic Composition in Succession-Ecologists Citing It Don’t Agree What It Means. Oikos, 64, 591-593. https://doi.org/10.2307/3545179
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [20] | Plotkin, J.B., Potts, M.D., Yu, D.W., et al. (2000) Predicting Species Di-versity in Tropical Forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 10850-10854. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.20.10850
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [21] | 贺金生, 陈伟烈. 陆地植物群落物种多样性的梯度变化特征[J]. 生态学报, 1997(1): 93-101. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [22] | 黄建辉, 高贤明, 马克平, 等. 地带性森林群落物种多样性的比较研究[J]. 生态学报, 1997, 17(6): 611-618. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [23] | Bergholz, K., May, F., Giladi, I., et al. (2017) Environmental Heterogeneity Drives Fine-Scale Species Assembly and Functional Diversity of Annual Plants in a Semi-Arid Environment. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 24, 138-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2017.01.001
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [24] | 刘冠成. 基于时空动态的小兴安岭植物物种多样性变异规律[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 哈尔滨: 黑龙江大学, 2018. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [25] | 尚文艳, 吴钢, 付晓, 等. 陆地植物群落物种多样性维持机制[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(3): 573-578. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [26] | Mittelbach, G.G., Schemske, D.W., Cornell, H.V., et al. (2010) Evolution and the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient: Speciation, Extinction and Biogeography. Ecology Letters, 10, 315-331. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01020.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [27] | Malyshev, L., Nimis, P.L. and Bolognini, G. (1994) Essays on the Modelling of Spatial Floristic Diversity in Europe: British Isles, West Germany, and East Europe. Flora, 189, 79-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-2530(17)30571-6
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [28] | 冯建孟, 朱有勇. 滇西北地区裸子植物多样性的地理分布格局及其与区系分化之间的关系[J]. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(4): 830-835. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [29] | 贺金生, 陈伟烈, 李凌浩. 中国中亚热带东部常绿阔叶林主要类型的群落多样性特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 1998(4): 16-24. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [30] | 王俊丽. 西南喀斯特森林植物多样性和功能性状的纬度格局研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 南宁: 南宁师范大学, 2020. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [31] | 李林, 魏识广, 练琚愉, 等. 亚热带不同纬度植物群落物种多样性分布规律[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(4): 1249-1257. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [32] | Sheldon, K.S., Yang, S. and Tewksbury, J.J. (2011) Climate Change and Community Disassembly: Impacts of Warming on Tropical and Temperate Montane Community Structure. Ecology Letters, 14, 1191-1200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01689.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [33] | Wang, G., Zhou, G., Yang, L., et al. (2003) Distribution, Species Diversity and Life-Form Spectra of Plant Communities along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Northern Slopes of Qilianshan Mountains, Gansu, China. Plant Ecology, 165, 169-181. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022236115186
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [34] | Vetaas, O.R. and Bhattarai, K.R. (2003) Variation in Plant Species Richness of Different Life Forms along a Subtropical Elevation Gradient in the Himalayas, East Nepal. Global Ecology & Biogeography, 12, 327-340. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822X.2003.00044.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [35] | Patterson, B.D., Stotz, D.F., Solari, S., et al. (2010) Contrasting Patterns of Elevational Zonation for Birds and Mammals in the Andes of Southeastern Peru. Journal of Biogeography, 25, 593-607. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.1998.2530593.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [36] | 唐志尧, 方精云, 张玲. 秦岭太白山木本植物物种多样性的梯度格局及环境解释[J]. 生物多样性, 2004, 12(1): 115-122. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [37] | Unger, M., Leuschner, C. and Homeier, J. (2010) Variability of Indices of Macronutrient Availability in Soils at Different Spatial Scales along an Elevation Transect in Tropical Moist Forests (NE Ecuador). Plant & Soil, 336, 443-458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0494-z
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [38] | Ah-Peng, C., Wilding, N., Kluge, J., et al. (2012) Bryophyte Diversity and Range Size Distribution along Two Altitudinal Gradients: Continent vs. Island. Acta Oecologica, 42, 58-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2012.04.010
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [39] | 岳明, 张林静, 党高弟, 等. 佛坪自然保护区植物群落物种多样性与海拔梯度的关系[J]. 地理科学, 2002, 22(3): 349-354. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [40] | Heaney, L.R. (2001) Small Mammal Di-versity along Elevational Gradients in the Philippines: An Assessment of Patterns and Hypotheses. Global Ecology & Biogeography, 10, 15-39. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822x.2001.00227.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [41] | Oommen, M.A. and Shanker, K. (2005) Elevational Species Richness Patterns Emerge from Multiple Local Mechanisms Is Himalayan Woody Plants. Ecology, 86, 3039-3047. https://doi.org/10.1890/04-1837
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [42] | 吴裕鹏, 许涵, 李意德, 等. 海南尖峰岭热带林乔灌木层物种多样性沿海拔梯度分布格局[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(4): 16-23. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [43] | Aiba, S.I. and Kitayama, K. (1999) Structure, Composition and Species Diversity in an Altitude-Substrate Matrix of Rain Forest Tree Communities on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. Plant Ecology, 140, 139-157. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009710618040
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [44] | Ohlemüller, R. and Wilson, J.B. (2000) Vascular Plant Species Richness along Latitudinal and Altitudinal Gradients: A Contribution from New Zealand Temperate Rainforests. Ecology Letters, 3, 262-266. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-0248.2000.00151.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [45] | Dornbush, M.E. and Wilsey, B.J. (2010) Experimental Manipulation of Soil Depth Alters Species Richness and Co- Occurrence in Restored Tallgrass Prairie. Journal of Ecology, 98, 117-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01605.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [46] | 李周, 赵雅洁, 宋海燕, 等. 喀斯特土层厚度异质性对草地群落结构和优势种生长的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2017, 34(10): 2023-2032. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [47] | Nippert, J.B. and Knapp, A.K. (2007) Soil Water Partitioning Contributes to Species Coexistence in Tallgrass Prairie. Oikos, 116, 1017-1029. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2007.15630.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [48] | 李晓娜, 张微微, 赵春桥, 等. 延庆区荒滩地土壤理化性质及其对植物多样性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 27(3): 695-701. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [49] | Hejcman, M., Laudisová, M.K., Schellberg, J., et al. (2007) The Rengen Grassland Experiment: Plant Species Composition after 64 Years of Fertilizer Application. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 122, 259-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.12.036
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [50] | Franco Vizcaino, E. et al. (1993) Plant Species Diversity and Chemical Properties of Soils in the Central Desert of Baja California, Mexico. Soil Science, 155, 406-416. https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199306000-00006
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [51] | Schuster, B. and Diekmann, M. (2003) Changes in Species Density along the Soil pH Gradient-Evidence from German Plant Communities. Folia Geobotanica, 38, 367-379. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803245
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [52] | Pärtel, M. (2002) Local Plant Diversity Patterns and Evolutionary History at the Regional Scale. Ecology, 83, 2361-2366. https://doi.org/10.2307/3071796
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [53] | 杨万勤, 钟章成, 陶建平, 等. 缙云山森林土壤酶活性与植物多样性的关系[J]. 林业科学, 2001(4): 124-128. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [54] | Hosseinzadeh, R., Soosani, J., Alijani, V., et al. (2016) Diversity of Woody Plant Species and Their Relationship to Physiographic Factors in Central Zagros Forests (Case Study: Perc Forest, Khorramabad, Iran). Journal of Forestry Research, 27, 1137-1141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-016-0243-0
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [55] | 区余端, 苏志尧, 李镇魁, 等. 地形因子对粤北山地森林不同生长型地表植物分布格局的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(5): 1107-1113. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [56] | Olivero, A.M. and Hix, D.M. (1998) Influence of Aspect and Stand Age on Ground Flora of Southeastern Ohio Forest Ecosystems. Plant Ecology, 139, 177-187. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009758501201
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [57] | 雷波, 包维楷, 贾渝, 等. 不同坡向人工油松幼林下地表苔藓植物层片的物种多样性与结构特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2004, 12(4): 410-418. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [58] | Fan, C.C. and Lai, Y.F. (2014) Influence of the Spatial Layout of Vegetation on the Stability of Slopes. Plant & Soil, 377, 83-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1569-9
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [59] | Tilman, D. (1999) The Ecological Consequences of Changes in Biodiversity: A Search for General Principles. Ecology, 80, 1455-1474. https://doi.org/10.2307/176540
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [60] | 马克平, 黄建辉, 于顺利, 等. 北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性的研究II丰富度、均匀度和物种多样性指数[J]. 生态学报, 1995, 15(3): 268-277. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [61] | Bazzaz, F.A. (1975) Plant Species Diversity in Old-Field Successional Ecosystems in Southern Illinois. Ecology, 56, 485-488. https://doi.org/10.2307/1934981
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [62] | 檀迪, 熊康宁. 喀斯特地区植物演替过程的多样性[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2016, 57(5): 788-793. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [63] | Odum, E.P. (1969) The Strategy of Ecosystem Development. Science, 164, 262-270. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.164.3877.262
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [64] | Loucks, O.L. (1970) Evolution of Diversity, Efficiency, and Community Stability. American Zoologist, 10, 17-25. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/10.1.17
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [65] | 高贤明, 黄建辉, 万师强, 等. 秦岭太白山弃耕地植物群落演替的生态学研究II演替系列的群落α多样性特征[J]. 生态学报, 1997(6): 57-63. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [66] | Connell, J.H. (1979) Intermedi-ate-Disturbance Hypothesis. Science, 204, 1344-1345. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.204.4399.1345.a
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [67] | Collins, S.L., et al. (1995) Experimental Analysis of In-termediate Disturbance and Initial Floristic Composition: Decoupling Cause and Effect. Ecology, 76, 486-492. https://doi.org/10.2307/1941207
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [68] | Pollock, M.M., Naiman, R.J. and Hanley, T.A. (1998) Plant Species Rich-ness in Riparian Wetlands—A Test of Biodiversity Theory. Ecology, 79, 94-105. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[0094:PSRIRW]2.0.CO;2
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [69] | Pascarella, J.B., Aide, T.M. and Zimmerman, J.K. (2004) Short-Term Response of Secondary Forests to Hurricane Disturbance in Puerto Rico, USA. Forest Ecology& Management, 199, 379-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.05.041
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [70] | Imbert, D., Rousteau, A. and Labbe, P. (1998) Hurricanes and Biological Diversity in Tropical Forests—The Case of Guadeloupe. Acta Oecologica, 19, 251-262. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [71] | Meier, A.J., Bratton, S.P. and Duffy, D.C. (1995) Possible Ecological Mechanisms for Loss of Vernal-Herb Diversity in Logged Eastern Deciduous Forest. Ecological Applications, 5, 935-946. https://doi.org/10.2307/2269344
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [72] | Cingolani, A.M., Cabido, M.R., Renison, D., et al. (2010) Combined Effects of Environment and Grazing on Vegetation Structure in Argentine Granite Grasslands. Journal of Vegetation Science, 14, 223-232. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2003.tb02147.x
 |