早期新生儿血清维生素D水平影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Serum Vitamin D Level in Early Neonates

摘要: 目的：研究导致早期新生儿血清维生素D水平缺乏和不足的影响因素。方法：选取2018年2月~2020年6月我院新生儿科收治的140例新生儿作为研究对象，行血清25羟维生素D水平检测，观察性别、胎龄、出生的时间段和母亲的孕期因素对新生儿血清VitD水平的影响，并进行Logistic回归分析。结果：分析显示，除分娩方式与产妇是否患高血压组间差异无统计学意义外(P > 0.05)，其余性别、胎龄、出生季节、产妇因素等组间差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，多因素Logistic回归分析结果，影响早期新生儿血清VitD水平缺乏和不足的因素为：男性新生儿、早产儿、冬春季出生、居住地是农村、高龄段产妇及产妇缺乏VitD等是危险因素；产妇孕期补充VitD时间和每天日照时间是保护因素。结论：早期新生儿VitD缺乏和不足的发生率较高，总体上看需要重点关注高龄、居住地在农村的、自身VitD缺乏的产妇及在冬春季出生的、早产的新生儿。加强婴幼儿保健的健康教育宣传力度，降低新生儿VitD缺乏和不足的发生率。

Abstract: Objective: To study the influencing factors of serum vitamin D deficiency in early neonates. Methods: A total of 140 neonates admitted to the department of neonatology of our hospital from February 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the research subjects. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D level was detected, the influence of gender, gestational age, time of birth and maternal pregnancy factors on serum VitD level was observed, and logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: The analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the delivery mode and whether the puerpera suffered from hypertension (P > 0.05), and there were significant differences between the other groups (P < 0.05), such as gender, gestational age, birth season and maternal factors. The factors influencing the deficiency and insufficiency of serum VitD level in early neonates are as follows: male neonates, premature infants, winter and spring births, rural areas where they live, elderly parturients and lack of VitD in parturients are risk factors; duration of VitD supplementation during pregnancy and daily sunshine duration were protective factors. Conclusion: The incidence of VitD deficiency and insufficiency in early neonates is high. Generally speaking, it is necessary to pay more attention to the elderly, rural residents, VitD deficient parturients and premature neonates born in winter and spring. Strengthen the health education and propaganda of infant health care, and reduce the incidence of VitD deficiency and insufficiency in newborns.