长兴岛地区雷电特征分析

Analysis of Lightning Activity Characteristics in Changxingdao Area

摘要: 本文利用1983年至2012年30年的气象观测资料，采用线性拟合方法对长兴岛雷电气候进行分析，利用2010年~2019年闪电定位资料，使用EXCEL和surfer对长兴岛地区雷电特征进行统计分析，结果发现：年雷暴日数总体上呈递减趋势，闪电月变化呈典型的单峰分布，8~9月为闪电的频发期，夏季和初秋是出现雷电的主要季节，闪电午夜至凌晨时段闪电多，集中在午夜至凌晨时段22~03时，傍晚16~20时和上午8~10时处于低发期；雷电流平均强度为38.18 kA。闪电的发生具有明显的选择性。闪电密度和电流强度高值区域主要为山脉附近。

Abstract: Based on the meteorological observation data of 30 years from 1983 to 2012, the lightning climate of Changxingdao is analyzed by linear fitting method, and the lightning characteristics of Changxingdao are statistically analyzed by using Excel and surfer based on the lightning location data from 2010 to 2019. The results show that the annual thunderstorm days generally show a decreasing trend, the monthly variation of lightning presents a typical single peak distribution, the frequent period of lightning is from August to September, and summer and early autumn are the main seasons for lightning. There are much lightning from midnight to early morning, mainly from midnight to early morning hours of 10:00 p.m. to 3:00 a.m., and at a low incidence period from 4:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m.; the average intensity of lightning current is 38.18 kA. The occurrence of lightning has obvious selectivity. The high value areas of lightning density and current intensity are mainly near the mountains.