一种大周期新型漏波天线设计

The Leaky-Wave Antenna with Big Period

摘要: 传统周期漏波天线所支持的工作波长与周期间距相比拟，天线设计自由度很有限。基于主模一致性，本文提出一种大周期漏波天线，其基本周期由三个不同的物理单元通过中线一致的原则排列组成，通过设计调整天线尺寸使三个周期单元的波数相同，一致的主模保证了每个单元对电磁波相位延迟相同，这使天线的工作波长仅为物理周期间距的三分之一，因此该天线展示出更大的电尺寸。另一方面，由于单元结构及排列具有较高的设计自由度，天线更易于集成在表面路径复杂的共形系统中。最后制作并测试了天线实物，实测结果表明该天线工作在6.4 GHz到9.55 GHz频率范围内，实测S11在工作频段内基本都小于−10 dB，最大增益为14.1 dBi。测试结果与仿真结果相一致，证实了该设计的有效性。

Abstract: The operating wavelength of the traditional periodic leaky-wave antenna is comparable to its period, and the design freedom of the antenna configuration is very limited. Based on the consistency of the fundamental mode, this paper proposes a leaky-wave antenna with a big period, which is com-posed of three different physical elements arranged according to the principle of consistent midline. The antenna size is designed so that the wave numbers of the three periodic units are the same. The consistent fundamental mode ensures that each element has the same phase delay to the electromagnetic wave, which makes the operating wavelength of the antenna only one-third of its physical period, consequently, the antenna exhibits a larger electrical size. On the other hand, since the basic elements feature high design freedom, the antenna is easily integrated with a conformal system with complicated surface paths. Finally, the prototype is fabricated and tested, in the measurement, the operating frequency changes from 6.4 to 9.55 GHz, and the measured S11 is basically less than −10 dB, the maximum gain is 14.1 dBi. Close agreements between the simulations and measurements are obtained, validating the effectiveness of the design.