三阴性乳腺癌的治疗与预后标志物研究
Study on Treatment and Prognostic Markers of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
DOI: 10.12677/ACM.2021.1112834, PDF,   
作者: 李 明*, 孙 萍#：青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院，山东 烟台
关键词: TNBC；免疫治疗联合化疗；预测因子；TNBC； Immunotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy； Predictors
摘要: 乳腺癌发病率逐年升高但是死亡率却在下降，然而作为其中异质性较高的三阴性乳腺癌，整体生存率仍差，其治疗方案也在更新换代，目前免疫治疗联合化疗为三阴性乳腺癌提供了新的治疗策略；筛选优势人群使其在免疫治疗联合化疗方案下获益最大是目前最需要攻克的难题，预测疗效的标志物层出不穷，但在肿瘤特异性、亚型的异质性等因素影响下具有局限性。多因素分析寻找合适的预后标志物对于未来三阴性乳腺癌患者治疗方案的选择至关重要，也将是我们后续研究的重点。
Abstract: The incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year, but the mortality rate is decreasing. Triple-negative breast cancer as a highly heterogeneous in breast cancer, the overall survival rate is still poor. And its treatment regimen continues to be updated and immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy currently provides a new treatment strategy for TNBC. Screening the suitable population to maximize the benefit under immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy is the most difficult problem to be solved at present. Markers predicting efficacy emerge in endlessly, but have limitations under the influence of factors such as tumor specificity and heterogeneity of subtypes. The search for appropriate prognostic markers by multivariate analysis is essential for the selection of future treatment options for patients with triple-negative breast cancer and will also be the focus of our subsequent study.
文章引用：李明, 孙萍. 三阴性乳腺癌的治疗与预后标志物研究[J]. 临床医学进展, 2021, 11(12): 5631-5638. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2021.1112834

参考文献

[1] Siegel, R.L., Miller, K.D. and Jemal, A. (2017) Cancer Statistics, 2017. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 67, 7-30. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Chen, W., et al. (2016) Cancer Statistics in China, 2015. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 66, 115-132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Fan, L., et al. (2014) Breast Cancer in China. The Lancet Oncology, 15, e279-e289. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[4] Mirzania, M., et al. (2017) Treatment Outcomes and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Report from Cancer Institute of Iran. International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research, 11, 37-42.
[5] Cortazar, P. and Geyer, C.E. (2015) Pathological Complete Response in Neoadjuvant Treatment of Breast Cancer. Annals of Surgical Oncology, 22, 1441-1446. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Wang, H. and Mao, X. (2020) Evaluation of the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 14, 2423-2433. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[7] von Minckwitz, G., et al. (2012) Definition and Impact of Pathologic Complete Response on Prognosis after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Various Intrinsic Breast Cancer Subtypes. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 30, 1796-1804. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[8] Cortazar, P., et al. (2014) Pathological Complete Response and Long-Term Clinical Benefit in Breast Cancer: The CTNeoBC Pooled Analysis. The Lancet, 384, 164-172. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] 张蓉, 等. 三阴性乳腺癌含铂类新辅助化疗的研究进展[J]. 中国肿瘤外科杂志, 2016, 8(1): 43-47.
[10] 杨辉, 江皓. 新辅助TAC化疗对早期乳腺癌患者疗效、细胞免疫功能和Ki-67的影响[J]. 中华全科医学, 2017, 15(4): 555-557+671.
[11] 张明, 等. 不同新辅助化疗方案对三阴性乳腺癌治疗疗效临床分析[J]. 昆明医科大学学报, 2015, 36(1): 65-68+88.
[12] Sikov, W.M., et al. (2015) Impact of the Addition of Carboplatin and/or Bevacizumab to Neoadjuvant Once-per-Week Paclitaxel Followed by Dose-Dense Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide on Pathologic Complete Response Rates in Stage II to III Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: CALGB 40603 (Alliance). Journal of Clinical Oncology, 33, 13-21. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] von Minckwitz, G., et al. (2014) Neoadjuvant Carboplatin in Patients with Triple-Negative and HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer (GeparSixto; GBG 66): A Randomised Phase 2 Trial. The Lancet Oncology, 15, 747-756. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[14] Curtis, C., et al. (2012) The Genomic and Transcriptomic Architecture of 2,000 Breast Tumours Reveals Novel Subgroups. Nature, 486, 346-352. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Schmid, P., et al. (2018) Atezolizumab and Nab-Paclitaxel in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 379, 2108-2121. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[16] Schmid, P., et al. (2020) Pembrolizumab for Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 810-821. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[17] Li, Q.X., et al. (2019) Association of Body Mass and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Indices with Endocrine Therapy Resistance in Luminal Breast Cancers. Journal of International Medical Research, 47, 1936-1947. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Xu, J., et al. (2017) Association of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio with ER and PR in Breast Cancer Patients and Their Changes after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Clinical and Translational Oncology, 19, 989-996. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Cihan, Y.B., et al. (2014) Lack of Prognostic Value of Blood Parameters in Patients Receiving Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 15, 4225-4231. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[20] 张姗, 等. 长链非编码RNA XIST可预测乳腺癌新辅助治疗的敏感性及预后[J]. 肿瘤, 2020, 40(7): 479-487.
[21] Ács, B., et al. (2017) Ki-67 as a Controversial Predictive and Prognostic Marker in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Diagnostic Pathology, 12, 20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Yoshioka, T., et al. (2015) Prognostic Significance of Pathologic Complete Response and Ki67 Expression after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer, 22, 185-191. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Yerushalmi, R., et al. (2010) Ki67 in Breast Cancer: Prognostic and Predictive Potential. The Lancet Oncology, 11, 174-183. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[24] Penault-Llorca, F., et al. (2009) Ki67 Expression and Docetaxel Efficacy in Patients with Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 27, 2809-2815. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[25] 单宏杰, 等. 三阴性乳腺癌组织胞外HSP90α表达与新辅助化疗预后关系[J]. 中华肿瘤防治杂志, 2020, 27(4): 293-297.
[26] Rooney, M.S., et al. (2015) Molecular and Genetic Properties of Tumors Associated with Local Immune Cytolytic Activity. Cell, 160, 48-61. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Matsushita, H., et al. (2012) Cancer Exome Analysis Reveals a T-Cell-Dependent Mechanism of Cancer Immunoediting. Nature, 482, 400-404. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Hanna, G.J., et al. (2018) Frameshift Events Predict Anti-PD-1/L1 Response in Head and Neck Cancer. JCI Insight, 3, e98811. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Goodman, A.M., et al. (2018) Genomic Landscape of Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma: Implications for Precision Treatment with Targeted and Immune Therapies. Oncoimmunology, 7, e1404217. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[30] Johnson, D.B., et al. (2016) Targeted Next Generation Sequencing Identifies Markers of Response to PD-1 Blockade. Cancer Immunology Research, 4, 959-967. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[31] Samstein, R.M., et al. (2019) Tumor Mutational Load Predicts Survival after Immunotherapy across Multiple Cancer Types. Nature Genetics, 51, 202-206. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Geiersbach, K.B. and Samowitz, W.S. (2011) Microsatellite Instability and Colorectal Cancer. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 135, 1269-1277. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[33] Le, D.T., et al. (2015) PD-1 Blockade in Tumors with Mismatch-Repair Deficiency. The New England Journal of Medicine, 372, 2509-2520. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[34] Davies, H., et al. (2017) Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Breast Cancers with Mismatch Repair Deficiency. Cancer Research, 77, 4755-4762. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[35] Mills, A.M., et al. (2018) The Relationship between Mismatch Repair Deficiency and PD-L1 Expression in Breast Carcinoma. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 42, 183-191. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[36] Borghaei, H., et al. (2015) Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 373, 1627-1639. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[37] Carbone, D.P., et al. (2017) First-Line Nivolumab in Stage IV or Recurrent Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 376, 2415-2426. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[38] Adams, S., et al. (2014) Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancers from Two Phase III Randomized Adjuvant Breast Cancer Trials: ECOG 2197 and ECOG 1199. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32, 2959-2966. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[39] Dieci, M.V., et al. (2015) Prognostic and Predictive Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Two Phase III Randomized Adjuvant Breast Cancer Trials. Annals of Oncology, 26, 1698-1704. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[40] Dieci, M.V., et al. (2014) Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes on Residual Disease after Primary Chemotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Multicenter Study. Annals of Oncology, 25, 611-618. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] Leon-Ferre, R.A., et al. (2018) Impact of Histopathology, Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, and Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Prognosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 167, 89-99. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[42] Mahmoud, S.M., et al. (2011) Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ Lymphocytes Predict Clinical Outcome in Breast Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 29, 1949-1955. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[43] Seo, A.N., et al. (2013) Tumour-Infiltrating CD8+ Lymphocytes as an Independent Predictive Factor for Pathological Complete Response to Primary Systemic Therapy in Breast Cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 109, 2705-2713. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[44] Pelekanou, V., et al. (2017) Erratum to: Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and PD-L1 Expression in Breast Cancer and Its Clinical Significance. Breast Cancer Research, 19, 109. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[45] Xue, D., et al. (2018) Role of Regulatory T Cells and CD8(+) T Lymphocytes in the Dissemination of Circulating Tumor Cells in Primary Invasive Breast Cancer. Oncology Letters, 16, 3045-3053. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[46] Gu-Trantien, C., et al. (2013) CD4+ Follicular Helper T Cell Infiltration Predicts Breast Cancer Survival. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 123, 2873-2892. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[47] Pedroza-Gonzalez, A., et al. (2011) Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Fosters Human Breast Tumor Growth by Promoting Type 2 Inflammation. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 208, 479-490. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[48] Syed Khaja, A.S., et al. (2017) Preferential Accumulation of Regulatory T Cells with Highly Immunosuppressive Characteristics in Breast Tumor Microenvironment. Oncotarget, 8, 33159-33171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[49] Shang, B., et al. (2015) Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Scientific Reports, 5, Article No. 15179. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[50] Tumeh, P.C., et al. (2014) PD-1 Blockade Induces Responses by Inhibiting Adaptive Immune Resistance. Nature, 515, 568-571. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[51] Ladoire, S., et al. (2008) Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Breast Carcinoma Is Associated with the Disappearance of Tumor-Infiltrating foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells. Clinical Cancer Research, 14, 2413-2420. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 

为你推荐