儿童柔韧性素质的影响因素研究——以上海某学校初中预备班学生为例

Research on Influencing Factors of Children’s Flexibility—Taking the Preparatory Students of a Junior High School in Shanghai as an Example

摘要: 背景：探究影响儿童柔韧性素质的因素，有助于为今后合理开展中小学柔韧性素质测试提供科学的理论指导。方法：随机选取177名健康六年级初中预备班的学生为研究对象，参照国家体质健康测试要求运用坐位体前屈测量法，评价不同温度下运动干预前后的柔韧素质。结果：男性坐位体前屈测量值显著低于女性测量值(P < 0.001)，冬季的柔韧素质显著低于夏季的柔韧素质(P < 0.001)，并且运动干预前后柔韧性测量结果之间亦存在显著差异(P < 0.001)。身体质量指数(BMI)与坐位体前屈的测量结果呈显著负相关(P < 0.05)，但身高、上肢长和下肢长与柔韧性测试结果并未表现出统计学上的关联。结论：性别、身体质量指数、外界温度和体内温度是影响柔韧性的重要因素，通过提高日常的运动水平和合理安排热身运动能够有助于提升柔韧测试成绩。

Abstract: Background: Exploring the factors that affect children’s flexibility quality will help provide scientific theoretical guidance for the rational development of primary and secondary school flexibility quality tests in the future. Methods: Randomly select 177 healthy sixth-grade junior high school preparatory class students as the research objects. According to the national physical fitness test requirements, the sitting body bending measurement method is used to evaluate the flexibility before and after exercise intervention at different temperatures. Results: The measured value of male sitting body flexion was significantly lower than that of female (P < 0.001), the flexibility quality in winter was significantly lower than that in summer (P < 0.001), and there were also dif-ferences between the flexibility measurement results before and after exercise intervention Sig-nificant difference (P < 0.001). The body mass index (BMI) was significantly negatively correlated with the measurement results of sitting forward flexion (P < 0.05), but height, upper limb length and lower limb length did not show statistical correlation with the flexibility test results. Conclusion: Gender, body mass index, external temperature and internal temperature are important factors that affect flexibility. Improving daily exercise levels and rationally arranging warm-up exercises can help improve flexibility test results.