摘要: 【目的】：探索糖尿病前期受试者中医体质及证素分布特点，以期为糖尿病前期的中医临床辨证施治提供客观依据。【方法】：选取2019年3月1日至2019年6月30日在福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院健康管理中心(治未病)体检的糖尿病前期人群150例为研究对象，基于《证素辨证学》相关标准判断研究对象的中医体质及证素分布情况，采集研究对象的性别、年龄。【结果】：1) 中医证素分布：中医病位证素主要集中于肝和肾，分别为21例和14例，构成比分别为14%和9.33%，其余依次为经络13例(8.67%)、表13例(8.67%)、胆8例(5.33%)、心7例(4.67%)、肺5例(3.33%)、少腹4例(2.37%)、脾3例(2%)；中医病性证素主要集中于阳亢39例(26%)，寒34例(22.67%)，痰25例(16.67%)，血虚21例(14%)，动风20例(13.33%)，外风14例(9.33%)，血瘀10例(6.67%)，阴虚10例(6.67%)，湿6例(4%)，气滞5例(3.33%)，津亏4例(2.37%)，气虚4例(2.37%)，热4例(2.37%)，气陷3例(2%)，阳虚3例(2%)，精亏2例(1.33%)，气不固1例(0.67%)。2) 体质分布：九种体质分布依次为气郁质39例(26%)，阳虚质29例(19.33%)，气虚质28例(18.67%)，阴虚质20例(13.33%)，平和质19例(12.67%)，特禀质14例(9.33%)，痰湿质1例(0.67%)。3) 五行体质构成比依次为火行人40例(26.67%)，金行人29例(19.33%)，木行人28例(18.67%)，土行人28例(18.67%)，水行人24例(16%)。4) 阴阳体质构成比依次为：阴阳平和质74例(49.33%)，偏阴质47例(31.33%)，偏阳质29例(19.33)。【结论】：糖尿病前期受试者发病和肝、肾两脏关系紧密，主要病性证素为阳亢、寒、痰、血虚。在体质分布中，性别与体质类型二者之间无明显相关性，年龄与体质类型有显著性差异；九种体质主要集中于气郁质、阳虚质以及气虚质；在五行中医体质中，主要集中在火行人、金行人以及土行人；阴阳体质分布情况为：阴阳平和质 > 偏阴质 > 偏阳质。
Abstract:
[Objective] To explore the characteristics of TCM constitution and the distribution of syndrome elements in pre-diabetes subjects, in order to provide an objective basis for TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment of pre-diabetes. [Methods] 150 patients with prediabetes who were examined at the Health Management Center (preventive treatment) of the Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019 were selected as the research objects. The relevant standards of “Syndrome Differentiation” judge the TCM constitution and the distribution of syndrome elements of the research object, and collect the gender and age of the research object. [Results] 1) Distribution of TCM syndrome elements: TCM disease location syndrome elements are mainly concentrated in the liver and kidney, with 21 cases and 14 cases respectively, with a composition ratio of 14% and 9.33% respectively, and the remaining 13 cases (8.67%) in the meridian order, table 13 cases (8.67%), 8 cases of gallbladder (5.33%), 7 cases of heart (4.67%), 5 cases of lung (3.33%), 4 cases of abdomen (2.37%), 3 cases of spleen (2%); TCM disease sex syndromes are mainly concentrated in 39 cases of Yang hyperactivity (26%), 34 cases of cold (22.67%), 25 cases of phlegm (16.67%), 21 cases of blood deficiency (14%), and 20 cases of moving wind (13.33%), 14 cases of external wind (9.33%), 10 cases of blood stasis (6.67%), 10 cas-es of yin deficiency (6.67%), 6 cases of dampness (4%), 5 cases of qi stagnation (3.33%), 4 cases of body loss (2.37%), 4 cases of qi deficiency (2.37%), 4 cases of heat (2.37%), 3 cases of qi depression (2%), 3 cases of yang deficiency (2%), 2 cases of qi deficiency (1.33%), non-qi 1 case (0.67%) was solid. 2) Physique distribution: The nine constitutions were distributed in order of 39 cases of Qi-stagnation (26%), 29 cases of Yang-deficiency (19.33%), 28 cases of Qi-deficiency (18.67%), and 20 cases of Yin-deficiency (13.33%), 19 cases of calm quality (12.67%), 14 cases of idiosyncratic quality (9.33%), and 1 case of phlegm-damp quality (0.67%). 3) The physical composition ratio of the five elements is 40 (26.67%) of fire walkers, 29 (19.33%) of gold walks, 28 (18.67%) of wooden walks, 28 (18.67%) of land walks, and 24 of water walkers (16%). 4) The composition ratio of yin and yang constitution was as follows: 74 cases (49.33%) of yin and yang balance constitution, 47 cases (31.33%) of partial yin constitution, and 29 cases (19.33) of partial yang constitution. [Conclusion] The onset of pre-diabetes subjects is closely related to the liver and kidney, and the main disease syndromes are Yang hyperactivity, cold, phlegm, and blood deficiency. In the physique distribution, there is no obvious correlation between gender and physique type, and age and physique type have significant differences; the nine physiques are mainly concentrated in qi depression, yang deficiency and qi deficiency; in the five elements of traditional Chinese medicine physique, mainly concentrated in Huo Xing, Jin Xing and Tu Xing people; the distribution of yin and yang physique is: yin and yang peaceful constitution > partial yin constitution > partial yang constitution.