旧词新义式流行语“下头”的多角度考察

A Multi-Angle Study of the Catchword “xia tou”

摘要: 网络流行语“下头”是指“某人或事物令人厌恶、难受，让人产生恶心、反感、扫兴等情绪”，本文首先对网络流行语“下头”的来源及词义演变进行梳理，认为该词最早可能产生于六朝时期，该词的语义演变与人们的认知机制息息相关，其网络新义的衍生依托于隐喻机制。接下来对“下头”的共时分布进行考察，该词可充当谓语、定语，近年来该词有语法化倾向，可充当补语。最后从语言经济性原则、受众心理需求、模因论等角度分析该词流行的原因，发现该词具有明显的“标题化”和“习语化”趋势。

Abstract: The network catchword “xia tou” means “a person or thing disgusting and sick, let a person pro-duce the emotions such as nausea, disgust, disappointing”. This article first sorts out the origin and meaning evolution of the network catchword “xia tou”, and thinks that the word may have originated in the Six Dynasties period, the semantic evolution of the word is closely related to people’s cognitive mechanism. The derivation of its network new meaning relies on metaphor mechanism. Next, the synchronic distribution of “xia tou” is investigated. The word can be used as predicate and attribute. In recent years, the word tends to be grammaticalized and can be used as complement. Finally, we analyze the reasons for the popularity of this word from the perspectives of language economic principle, audience psychological demand and memetics, and find that this word has obvious trend of “title” and “idiomization”.