远指代词的贬义色彩研究——以汉、英、日语为例

Research on the Derogatory Color of Distant Pronouns—Taking Chinese, English, Japanese as Examples

摘要: 远指代词涵盖第三人称代词及表远指的指示代词，通过对比汉、英、日语中远指代词实际用法不难发现：其贬义化色彩均来源于远指代词把物理距离的远离映射到心理距离上的疏离，即导致说话人和指称对象情感上的疏远和隔阂，从而使远指代词具有了贬义化色彩。这一发展路径也可从远指代词词义的衍生过程中清晰地看到。远指代词的贬义化色彩在詈词中的表现尤其突出。汉、英、日语中远指代词的贬义化色彩及用法体现了语言的共性。

Abstract: Distant demonstrative pronouns include third-person pronouns and demonstrative pronouns that represent distant demonstrative pronouns. By comparing the actual usage of distant demonstrative pronouns in Chinese, English and Japanese, it is not difficult to find that the derogatory color comes from the distant demonstrative pronouns that map the physical distance. The alienation in psychological distance leads to the emotional alienation and estrangement between the speaker and the referent, which makes the distant demonstrative pronouns have a derogatory color. This path of development can also be clearly seen from the derivation of the meaning of distant demonstrative pronouns. The derogatory color of far-referenced pronouns is particularly prominent in slurs. The derogatory color and usage of distant demonstrative pronouns in Chinese, English and Japanese all reflect the commonness of language.