信息网络传播权中的“公众”定义

Definition of “Public” in the Right of Communication through Information Network

摘要: 随着云计算不断发展，云服务所应用的领域也随之拓宽，如游戏领域，视频领域都涉及到了云服务，随之产生相关方面的著作权信息网络传播权侵权纠纷。信息网络传播权，指以有线或者无线方式向公众提供作品的权利，其特点为交互性，即公众可以在其个人选定的时间和地点获得作品。在新的商业模式下，“公众”定义的明确成为认定信息网络传播权侵权的一个新问题，我国在这方面的讨论还较少。外国司法实践中对“公众”的定义也有不同的判决，欧盟法院提出了“新公众”标准，美国联邦最高法院则认为每次只向一个观众进行传输也有构成向“公众”传播的可能。本文将对各国司法实践中已有的“公众”定义进行梳理并做进一步的应用分析，希望对我国未来司法实践中相关案件的审判起到帮助作用。

Abstract: With the development of cloud computing, cloud services are being used in more and more fields, such as the gaming field, video field, which consequently gives rise to disputes over the infringe-ment of information network communication rights in copyright. The information network distri-bution right, which refers to the right to make a work available to the public by wired or wireless means, is characterized by interactivity, i.e., the public can access the work at a time and place of its personal choice. In the new audience model, the definition of “public” has become a new issue of in-formation network communication right infringement, China’s discussion in this regard is still rela-tively little. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has proposed a new standard for the public, while the U.S. Federal Supreme Court has held that each transmission to one audience at a time also constitutes a possible transmission to the public. This article will sort out the definition of “public” in the judicial practice of various countries and make further application analysis, hoping to help the trial of relevant cases in our future judicial practice.